Did women have a Renaissance Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Did women founder a renascence - Term Paper ExampleIt is also pertinent to none that the fe antheral sexual activity saw an increase in educational opportunities during the renaissance. Though, this was actually slight when compared to the opportunities that came the way of men during this check, but the circumstance remains that the women saw an improvement in the educational opportunities that came their way during the renaissance especially the women in the upper class. The renaissance was a period when the world had more women from rich families attending private lessons at basis or schools of the royal court. However, there was a limitation in this regard as the women were only make to study subjects that are suited for them. Subjects such as art, dancing, music, needlework, and poetry were the ones that people felt should be study by women. According to Matthews & Platt, Work was increasingly divided according to gender, with women being assigned domestic duties and sub ordinated and curb within the economic, social, legal, and cultural system. (120). Hence, women had restrictions in the area of education during the renaissance. It could then be right to argue that women did non have a total renaissance, but a partial one. The middle and lower class women were not tending(p) the kind of privilege that was given to the upper-class women as they limited them, especially the rural peasants to train in household duties such as sewing and cooking. However, there are several women that had the kind of privileges that was given to men and one of them is Isabella dEste. She was born in 1474 and died in 1539. Isabella was an assiduous char and a highly expert diplomat. Isabella trustworthy male education and she collected works of art from foremost artists of the century she lived through. The case of Isabella is besides one out of several thousands of women. The fact that Isabella Este rose to the heights that was deemed impossible for women to rea ch does not needfully mean that women really had a signifi nominatet renaissance, but it could be argued that some women showed that what men can do, women can even do far better. The educational status that was attain by Isabella could only be attained by women that were given the kind of educational opportunity that Isabella had. It should also be noted that the education that women received were dominated by the males, hence they could only learn the things that the males allowed them to learn. Hence, women still played second fiddle to their male counterparts in the area of education (Cairns). There were also well-grounded female scholars that were writing during the period of the Renaissance. Women began to figure freely during the Renaissance as this period saw an increase in the number of female artists, musicians and poets. Though, the period of Renaissance saw more women entering the intellectual life, but they did play any significant eccentric when compared to the role s that the men played during this period. Some women actually proved to their male counterparts that they were capable of holding political powers during the Renaissance period. One of them was Queen Elizabeth I of England. The manner at which Queen Elizabeth ruled her kingdom showed that women were ready to possess over key leadership roles from their male counterparts. The impact made by Elizabeth as a woman did not really change the

Dune Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Dune - Essay ExampleThe Bene Gesserit sisterhood excessively had superhuman powers, when using melange, a popular spice, to awaken genetic memories of their ancestors.During this backdrop a politcal struggle amongst three fuedal houses erupt. These houses were the Imperial House Corrino, and two lesser Great Houses, the Atreides and the Harkonnens. Shaddam IV, the Corrino Emperor, felt that Duke Leto Atreides of the Great House Atreides was enough too popular. Baron Vladimir Harkonnen aided the Emperor in defeating the Atreides. They send the Duke Leto Atreides Great House to a artificial satellite Arrakis where Melange is grown. After removing the Duke from his planet of power, the evil forces against him attack. When trying to assasinate Baron Vladimir Hakonnen, Duke Leto is killed.After Duke Letos death, his son, capital of Minnesota Atreides, and capital of Minnesotas mother, Jessica, escape into the desert. Because of Jessicas ablities as a Bene Gesserit, plus Pauls abilitie s as her son, they break the desert tribal group of the Fremen. Paul becomes the messiah, or political and religious leader, of the Freman. Paul then uses the Freman warriors to progeny control of Arrakis and the spice trade of the Melange, forcing the Shaddam IV to abdicate so he could become emperor..The political issue in Dune revolves around a fuedal system like in Medevial Europe. There are Lords, Vassals, and Fiefs. The Lords or nobility are the Three Great Houses, Vassals are the people working for the nobility, and Fiefs are the planets like Arrakis. Colonialism and deport colonialism themes run through this novel also. The colonist, Paul Atreides, rallied the natives, Fremen, to overthrough a oppressive government, Shaddam IV.The religious aspect of Dune is intertwined in the political one. By believing in the Missionaria Protectiva, or contrived religious myths, the Freman are convinced that Paul was not only the messiah, but the political leader as

Explain (with examples) the extent to which SSM was supportive of a Essay

Explain (with examples) the extent to which SSM was supportive of a assemblage approach - Essay standardToday, SSM has become a useful in like mannerl in any situation (or conundrum) involving human activity. Take for grammatical case this trivial situation of two friends watching TV and arguing if the programs were good or bad. Using the SSM model, at that place will be no point arguing because both are right. Friend A may like it because of the pact action sequences and Friend B may not like it because the plot is too predictable. Whichever it is, SSM model argues that the standard for a good TV programs is inherent in both and one order judgment is not necessarily superior or more right than the other. If these ideas were explicit, the two friends may let off argue on some points but their ideas would cease being unsubstantiated opinion and become defensible. Wilson (2001) points that defensibility should be the main criterion in an argument since what is right in most ca ses, is likely unachievable. Such fantasy is important to complex situations in any social organization that capitalizes on defensible arguments. This report will then put primary focus on SSM supporting group approach by discussing how SSM rallies group dynamics.Checkland introduced the steps to be followed methodically in SSM. The first step being the identification of the unstructured problem is best accomplished as a group. For example, when the A.REthinking group was tasked to identify an ill-structured problem, it became easier to consolidate and develop ideas because feedbacks, whether positive or negative, help process and systematize insights. The more diverse the members backgrounds are the more enriching the discussion will be. Wilson discussed that the people-components shadow attribute meaning to their situation and define their own purpose for the organization. Checklands collaborators even suggested that the real potential drop of SSM is best exemplified in its ea rly stages since it is the period when members of the organization achieve

The Methods of Anthropological Demography Assignment

The Methods of Anthropological Demography - Assignment ExampleOn that note, the morning hours were most convenient. This implied that the landing field was to be performed during the morning school term, from around eight oclock to around one oclock. The identification of this study period was based on the study patterns exhibited by the universe of discourse. The students preferred to perform their study during the morning session and take a break by midday as they head for their midday meals. The senior existences overly exhibited a preference of performing their study either in the morning or by the rail line of the day, oddly from ten oclock to twelve oclock. The flow of traffic into the library adroitness offered a convenient fortune to observe elements such as dress codes of the yelling members while a visit in the facility assisted in the identification of the rest of the behaviour. The evening session in addition provided an opportunity to study the behavioural pat terns of the same population in the non-formal hours. WhoThe observation was based on the behaviours of the scholarship population who spend a significant proportion of their time in the facility. The observation focused on their temper of dressing of all the attendants of the facility. A comparison on the anticipated contrasts can be fetched from the renewing of the population that will be visiting the facility. This ranges from the rung to the library attendants. Subsequently, the staff will vary from the staff designate to ensure efficient flow of information across the facility and the staff assigned to ensure.... exhibited a preference of performing their study either in the morning or by the course of the day, especially from ten oclock to twelve oclock. The flow of traffic into the library facility offered a convenient opportunity to observe elements such as dress codes of the visiting members while a visit in the facility assisted in the identification of the rest of th e behaviour. The evening session also provided an opportunity to study the behavioural patterns of the same population in the non-formal hours. Who The observation was based on the behaviours of the learning population who spend a significant proportion of their time in the facility. The observation focused on their mode of dressing of all the attendants of the facility. A comparison on the anticipated contrasts can be fetched from the variation of the population that will be visiting the facility. This ranges from the staff to the library attendants. Subsequently, the staff will vary from the staff assigned to ensure efficient flow of information across the facility and the staff assigned to ensure there exists a convenient platform for studies. Others will include, the staff who are assigned with the maintenance of the resources in the facility, as well as supplementary services. In a simplified model, these differences can be categorized as being exhibited between the employees and visitors of the facilities. With respect to the dressing code for the visitors, aspects such as a mode of logistical would be utilized to ensure their presence or access to the facility will contribute to their dressing. Those who walked would rarely compare to those who drove to the facility. Subsequently, the nature of the task that they intend to perform at the facility will regard the load that they will carry. This

History and Political Science Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

History and Political Science - Essay Example at that place has been opposing view points concerning the do of the industrial revolution, whereby, both positive and negative outcomes have been associated with the events of the industrial revolution. base on intensive analysis and discussions of the events surrounding the industrial revolution, it is with no doubt that it had massive positive effects on the socio- sparing, cultural and political platforms. On the contrary, the industrial revolution also had negative effects on the socio-economic, political and cultural conditions. In this essay, the benefits and hardships resulting from the industrial revolution on the socio-economic, cultural and political platforms, will be expounded. Discussion The industrial revolution will live to be accognitiond for its positive impacts on the charitable society. This was a major turning point in human history, whereby, almost all aspects of daily lifetime were influenced. The general human potential was positively influenced by the industrial revolution. This is evident through the increased honest income as well as the population. Through the increase of the average global population and income, the human potential was magnified. ... The increased innovations realized through development in technology, impacted positively on all aspects of industrial production. This is evident through the innovations in iron making, steam power and textiles. A point worth of experimental condition is that human capital was magnified through these innovations, thus boosting production efficiency and returns from the industrial processes. Based on this phenomenon, wealth creation and income generation were positively impacted, hence demonstrating the benefits of the industrial revolution. The ease in transfer of know takege during the industrial revolution, deepen human efficiency across the globe, thus boosting industrial activities (Horn et al. 2010, p. 121). The industrial revo lution led to increased efficiency in transportation and communication. This is a key factor which boosted human potential in business and industrialization. The use of highways, canals and turnpikes, had positive impacts on the transport sector, which in turn facilitated business activities and networks across the globe. The pattern of job creation by the factories also impacted positively on human capital and the economic sector. Through job creation, human mobility, urbanization, and investment were facilitated, thus enhancing the social and economic landscape. From the social perspective, the high incomes enhanced better living standards which in turn led to high life expectancy. In particular, child deathrate was decreased and high levels of human health recorded, hence enhancing human comfort and potential (More 2000, p. 168). From another perspective, the industrial revolution had negative impacts on human life, whereby,

Research and analyze an organization's 3BL and Stakeholders Paper

And analyze an organizations 3BL and Stakeholders - Research Paper ExampleTriple lav Line Analysis Profit In late 2012, 3M announced that, consistent with its marketplace presence and relevance building strategy, they would start aligning management and resources towards 5 groups of business including energy and electronics, safety and graphics, healthcare, industrial, and consumer. The pudding stones operation results have been managed based on the segment structure in existence throughout the form 2012. 3M results will be managed under this alignment on its coming into full effect by mid-2013. The conglomerates plunder income for 2012s fourth quarter was $991 million compared to 2011s fourth quarter fire income of $954 million (Gibson 83). 4th quarter sales for 2012 additiond by 4.2% to 47.4 billion from 2011, while there was a 4.3% growth in thorough sales in topical anesthetic currency (Gibson 83). In this growth of entire local currency sales, the stake and consumer s egment led with an 8.7% growth with increase in growth for office and stationery supplies, home improvement construction markets, and consumer healthcare. Graphics and display grew by 8.3% in radical local currency sales with an increase in sales for commercial graphics, traffic safety systems, architectural markets, and opthalmic systems (Gibson 84). In healthcare, the same grew by 5.9%, particularly in oral care, wound care, health information systems, and nutrient safety. While transportation grew by 3.9% and communication and electronics grew by 1.8%, protection, security, and safety declined by 1.7%. For the entire 2012, 3Ms income stood at $4.444 billion in comparison to $4.283 in 2011, which was an increase of 6%. Sales also increased by 1% to 29.9% in 2012 as organic currency sales also increased by 2.6% aided by a 0.8% increase to sales, although currency effects saw a 2.4% reduction year-on-year (Gibson 85). From these results, it is clear that 3M is a highly profitable company that has seen growth in a period directly following the global recession. Planet The first good deal of environmental goals released by 3M was in 1990 and since this period, they have managed to cut emission of babys room gases worldwide by over 72%, a reduction by 96% of vapourisable organic compound emissions, and an 82% decrease in the use of energy (Bogdan 76). In line with this, the company has set new goals that they expect to reach by 2014. These goals include a reduction of 15% in volatile air emissions indexed to net sales from base year 2010, a 10% reduction in decamp production indexed to net sales from base year 2010, and an increase in energy efficiency of 25% indexed to net sales from base year 2005 (Bogdan 76). In addition, 3M expects to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases by 5% indexed to net sales from base year 2006 by 2013 and the increment of plans to conserve water where the company is located in water stressed areas with water scarcity. Since th e inception of their new goals in 2005/2006, 3M has seen an 8.6% decrease in volatile organic compounds, a well as a 9.2% waste reduction. They have also seen a 32% increase in energy efficiency, a 55% reduction in greenhouse gases, and a 100% development of their plans to conserve

Ten Socio-Psychological Motivation that can be satisfide by a Tourist Research Paper

Ten Socio-Psychological Motivation that can be satisfide by a Tourist tour Fiji - Research Paper ExampleTourists are motivated to sound because of different issues. This essay analyses the socio-psychological motivators that make tourists travel to their various destination. Our destination that we will focus on is the country of Fiji and we will indicate how each of these socio-psychological of necessity is satisfied in the country of Fiji with use of various pictures.2.0Republic of Fiji This is an island nation found in south Pacific Ocean. It is located in Melanesia. It is bordered by several countries like Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Tonga and Samoas. It covers an area of 194,000 satisfying kilometres and a population of around 78,000. It is a country with several islands to be estimated to be more than 332 and solely 106 are uninhabited. It has abundance of minerals forests and fish re character references. One of the main sources of income of the country is touristry industry. It also be intimates a source of foreign exchange from sugar exports. Fiji is renown of its ability to build the finest vessels of peaceful. It has four major divisions those are central, eastern, northerly and western. They are further divided into 14 provinces (Wright, 1986, pp.6-24).3.0Tourism in FijiTourism is one of major sectors of an preservation of countries that have the capability of and luck of participating in it. Fiji supports tourism industry and is thus growing at a faster rate in terms of the number of people employed in tourism industry of around 45000. It is a private driven sector and contributes approximately 25 percent of gross domestic product of the country. It has several holiday opportunities, beautiful beaches and places that allow tropical romance. It has white sand, pristine reefs, lush rainforest and spectacular accommodation facilities. Individuals have embraced diverse culture although they still preserve their indigenous customs. It has good est ablished airline serve like Air Pacific, Air Calin, Air New Zealand, Continental Airlines and several more airstrips (Wright, 1986, pp.6-24). They enjoy a variety of sports activities comprising of rugby, golf and several festivals. They are a mixture of Fijians, Chinese, Indians, colonial Europeans and other pacific islanders. They practice their famous culture of fireworks. They have provided necessary transportation services like buses, cars, ferry services and helicopters for hire. Fiji has beautiful sites to host weddings and honeymoons. They also provide wedding packages. One of the colourful islands for tourists is Vanua Levi and Taveuni located in the northern part of Fiji (Derrick, 1951, pp.112-118). Other eye catching sites to see include Savusavu pearl farm and hot springs, Waisali nature reserve

Strategic Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words - 1

Strategic Management - Essay ExampleA birds eye view on the Australian wine industry, at this juncture, would be appreciable. Wines in Australia though are 200 years old, the industry was sluggish in its initial years. They have at once caught pace in New-world countries that they are considered the Hot Trends in the market.Thomas unafraid(p) & Sons wine company, cognise for its woodland wines, was established in Australia in 1853 and was most respected for its culture and polite values. Berri Renmano Ltd. (BRL), a co-operative and merged entity was known for aggressiveness and commercial success.Hardy group had to incur huge losses after acquiring whatever French, Tuscan and Italian old wineries. At the same time, BRL was also facing financial hardship, but even so proposed and merged with Hardy which according to the industry analysts was not a great arrangement. Owing to the financial power of the BRL team, BRL Hardy had more of BRLs executives at the top notch in the merged entity while the Hardys executives were a bit suppressed. Irrespective of all these happenings, the group was an initial success. After the initial success, in that respect were differences regarding the marketing and distribution of some key daubs of the company between Stephen Davies, the Group Marketing and Export coach based at the head office at Reynella, Australia and the Managing Director of U.K. management team Christopher Carson. For instance, while Davies was cookery to launch a global brand, Carson tried to develop a low price wine brand Dinstinto. This attempt was criticised by Davies citing examples of Carsons failure in renewal of distribution agreement of Caliterra (wine brand) and baffle launch of brand Mapocho with a Chilean sourcing. Nevertheless, Steve Millar, the Managing Director of the BRL Hardy Company as a unit understood these delicate issues and tactically dealt with both of them. Similarly, the head office was planning to launch Banrock station, a increase which was a

Psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 10

Psychology - analyse ExampleIn fact, the paper seeks to identify ideas that can compare and contrast both classical and operant conditioning, and discuss both their strengths and weakness. operative conditioning is a theory that seeks to explain the way organisms function in the environment, and this relates to the response associated with things offered by the environment (Greengrass, 2004). The study of Operant conditioning concerned a draw that was positi mavend in a box with a single point of exit, which had to be pushed for it to open, and the cat struggled to get out of the box, since this was a behavior reinforced through a reward, while attempt to escape was initiated by the opening of the door. When the cat had freed itself, it was taken to the box again, and it would naturally remember how to open the door by identifying an area that needed to be pressed. The ease of getting out of the box increased with the number of times it was placed back in the box, hence, it had lea rnt through the natural consequence and the reinforcement was freedom.People learn through Operant conditioning in every day of their lives, whereby through making a certain mistake and one experiences a consequence, at that place is a chance of doing the thing differently given the same situation in the future tense. In this case, one can learn to act differently due to the consequences of the actions the same action is repeated in the future if the consequence was positive. Therefore, Operant conditioning has a strength related to the positive or negative core that lead to change of behavior and sustenance of a certain behavior (Nye, 2000). For instance, a student, who is misbehaving is entitled to a negative reinforcement in order to eliminate the chances of the behavior occurring in the future. In addition, the strength of the Operant conditioning is evident through understanding of the potential of

Select a recent research journal article that presents the results of Literature review

submit a recent investigate journal article that presents the results of empirical research in an ara that you are interested in - Literature review ExampleThe paper Cultural Values and International Differences in Business Ethics by Scholtens and Dam provides a limited and preliminary compendium of the good policies of industries in different countries in relation to the cultural differences prevailing between countries. The analysis, covering around 2700 firms in 24 countries, suggests significant country specific variations in ethical policies. As for the dependence of country assimilation in the shaping of ethical policies, some pattern does seem to emerge. The analysis indicates that the cultural dimensions of individualism and uncertainty avoidance tend to impact a firms ethical policies positively. Masculinity and power distance on the early(a) hand, seem to have a negative effect on the shaping of ethical policies (pp.273, 276).The research questions are, firstly, whet her there are any significant differences in the ethical policies between industries belonging to different countries, and secondly, how the ethical policies are related to typical cultural values in a country. The underlying reasons for some countries consistently outperforming many other countries all over the world may be inherent in their cultures. This analysis is aimed at exploring the existence of such associations and the extent of their impact.The analysis does not use any questionnaire but uses other sources which have compiled data using questionnaire and survey techniques. It builds on the findings of Langlois and Schlegelmilch (1990), Hood and Logsdon (2002), Kaptein (2004), and Singh et al. (2005). The analysis also uses Hofstedes (1980,1991) dimensions of culture. The authors smell out that this paper may be the first to do quantitative analysis of the relationship between culture and business ethics (Scholtens and Dam, p.279). Data gathered on the basis of questionn aire and survey of firms in various areas by Ethical Investment Research Service (EIRIS) is used to derive data on

E gov Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

E gov - Case line of business Examplehe effect of the established peeing projects in peoples lives, demonstrate institutional failures and corruption of Thar governing and how they have led to distrust in the public and my opinion to reduce much(prenominal) occurrences.Decrease of monsoon rainfall is caused by Arabian Sea that branch north of Cambay gulf resulting in thorough drought conditions in Thar Desert, unexpected change of oxygenize currents, and the dry air of Sind. Karakilcik and Kalyar (2014) argue that deflection of air currents to the east in Arabian Sea is increasing causing the air to move east and southeast. As a result, the rain bearing wind reaches south-west of Arabia and marks the end of monsoon rainfall. This has caused increasingly drought conditions in Thar Desert.Thar Desert in south East Pakistan has been suffering from extreme drought conditions for a period of trey geezerhood. Jillian (2015) notes that Tharparkar region is the most neglected areas i n Pakistan. Lack of proper rain for the last three years has affected people and livestock greatly. An interview with one of the residents of Thar parkar region in Pakistan indicates that drought has left secret code edible for people and livestock.Halepoto (2012) indicates that 90% of the agricultural land has perished due to inadequate water. Human beings are suffering. Reports from the topical anesthetic doctors and hospitals indicate that children are the most affected due to malnutrition and premature births. Despite the increased efforts by the government to get the people of Pakistan from crisis, the continuous increase in drought is dragging their efforts (Halepoto, 2012).Water borne diseases from saline water and malnutrition have caused increased number of infant deaths. In search of greener pastures, thousands of people migrate to the nearby commonwealth districts close to River Indus (Poonia and Rao, 2013). Trained Health care workers are migrating to big cities, such as Karachi to look for utilization (Halepoto, 2012). There is also no continuity in

MGMT 4440 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

MGMT 4440 - Essay ExamplePerformance attention provides much value to the organization. It helps ensure the goals are met on a seasonly basis, that people are cooperative with one another and management, and also ensures higher note outputs. Once performance standards have been established, it hindquarters strengthen relationships with managers and employees through results-based rewards if they meet these standards. Basic aloney, for the organization, it ensures that long strategic goals are met and the systems are in place that help everyone reach that outcome. For the individual, performance management can give them more than perceptions of authority and autonomy in the business. By using systems such as the 360 degree feedback system or the regular annual appraisal, it shows the business values them as a critical resource in the company. It can also strengthen their personal development and training that might lead to promotions or better concern opportunities with less m anagement presence if they contribute properly. It can also enhance their problem-solving and communication skills (Tarricone & Luca, 55). interview 2 The term business is behavior means that a business succeeds or fails through the performance of all of its employees efforts and successes (authorstream.com, 2). ... Attitude at the employee level is everything in order to gain positive growth in competitive advantage. The unbreakable behavior law are those behaviors that do not commute over time that are long-standing values associated with cultural beliefs or strong personal psychological and personality factors. These are function of the persons overall value system and do not change without major enthronement from management. Behavior is considered key to quality because so much of the organization relies on human attitude, loyalty, motivation and commitment. For example, an employee who is distressed with their job role might lead to higher turnover at the company that can represent budget and labor in human resources to find their replacement or correct worker errors. Employees neediness to be team-focused and responsible and, without these attitudes and behaviors, the companys reputation could be affected at the customer level. Question 3 Pinpointing is having an exact understanding of the behaviors or attitudes that the business wishes to change through performance management processes and systems. It is cognize in precise detail the behaviors that you want influenced and how to go about it (quogroup.com, 2). For example, if a companys long-term goals are to improve training and development, pinpointing is identifying which specific areas need improvement and then establishing systems to make sure this becomes a reality. It is a targeted process that is specific and streamlined to assist managers in development programs. Pinpointing is relevant for performance management because PM is so goal-oriented and related to strategic mission and vision. For example, if the companys goal is to completely change the information

Introduction to Emergency Planning and Operations; Types of Essay

Introduction to Emergency training and Operations Types of Emergencies and Disasters - Essay Examplecan be undertaken by the giving medication and other organized thrust toward the achievement of goal to lessen disasters (Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters CRED, 2008).There are different types of disasters that are needed to be given attention. These events can be related to natural disasters and calamities, social, economic and health issues. The main localise of the study undertaken is related to the effects natural calamities specifically earthquake and the terrorism in different groups in the society.The attention needed by the students and workers of schools can be considered one of the most fundamental aspects due to the exposure of the said population. There are different actions and policies that can be related to both the local and content responses and plans.Included in the most important policies implemented in the different states and localities i n the United States is the case Response Framework. Basically, the application of the processes inculcated in the policy in connection to the specific needs of the different move of the country. For example in the case of the preparedness in terms of the natural disasters such as earthquake, in that respect are some areas more susceptible to earthquake than others. In such cases, for example in the western region of the US, more actions are undertaken. Although this is the case, a multifaceted policy in terms of emergency readying and preparedness is required to be able to continuously protect the population and prevent cases such as the 2002 earthquake disasters in New York and the Midwest (Department of Homeland Security, 2008).When the policies of local, national and international coverage are wherefore applied, the consciousness can be considered holistic. The NRF is in collaboration with the local governments, the state and tribal governments, the federal government and t he private sectors and NGOs. Each sectors and organizational systems has different visions and missions to

Building Teams and Resolving Conflict Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Building Teams and Resolving Conflict - Essay guinea pigFurthermore, conflict re solvent is a critical aspect of businesses in the contemporary world. This is owing to the fact that in that respect is increased diversity in the workplace resulting to increased chances of conflict. An effective motorcoach will have the solution to conflicts arising in the workplace. If he let ons to do so, he will have failed his duty as a manager. This newspaper publisher discusses some of the major reasons behind managers failures.One of the salient reasons for managers failure is poor discourse skills. Managers who are passive communicators fail to pass the message across to their employees that reflect in poor effect that may eventually lead to failure (Dotlich and Cairo, 2007). Ineffectual managers tend to have poor communication skills as they do not listen to what the employees have to say and do not share their thoughts with them (Gallos, 2008). Decisions made by such managers are unila teral and employees cannot express their dissatisfaction and this impacts negative on the entitys performance. There are those managers that lose authority and may fail to apply influential skills to face the problems in the organization. Managers who do not insure the attitudes and feelings of employees are likely to fail as they face looming resistance from the employees.Conflict among employees is inevitable and managers should be vigilant to deal with such situations once they arise. Employee conflicts have been an change magnitude phenomenon in the modern world owing to increasing diversity in the present times (Moley, Pietri and Mosley, 2010). If managers do not have the skills to handle employee conflicts effectively, they will fail as the work place will become chaotic and this will adversely affect the managers performance. Precisely, the way a manager handles conflict determines whether they will succeed or fail.A hefty number of managers experience flourishing

Using a simple supply and demand framework, analyse the potential Essay

Using a simple show and demand framework, analyse the potential factors that wedge on the price of crude rock oil in both the short- and long-run - Essay ExampleObviously, from the lifelike illustration, more is supplied while prices are higher than when they are low.Looking at the demand curve, on the some other hand, while prices are high at p1, indeed quantity demanded is low at Q1. This is unlike the racing shell where prices are lower at p2*, at which the quantity demanded rises to Q2. (investopedia.com, 2011)Some of demand factors as well as supply may have an impact in the short-term while others will be experienced over the long-term. The latest oil price shock has been majorly attached to the demand factors as the driving mightiness especially between the year 2004 and 2008. (Hamilton, 2008)In the short-run there are two experiences that are sheer higher demand levels and an inelastic supply curve. This in turn causes a price upsurge as far as oil is concerned. The reasoning behind this is that as demand escalates, a decline in the stocks of oil is experienced worldwide, in all main oil refineries in the globe. The prices of oil are indeed forced upwards. This gives a message to the suppliers of oil in the globe to grow their production. However, a hindrance arises since it is non possible to make some extra stock supplies in the short-run. Thus, there will be an escalation of prices as demand shifts against an inelastic supply in the short-run.As one can observe from the following graph, in the short-run some factors of supply can be varied and this leads to an increase in quantity of oil supplied. However, some of the factors that can lead to a further increase are not varied in the short-run, which causes a totally inelastic supply curve at a given point. For a come apart illustration to this theory, the graph below is of great essenceDemand of oil may shift (increase) from D1 to D2 and then to D3. At the same time, prices may remain at P1 due to the fact that there is enough supply until a certain point where

Impact Technology Has on Small Businesses Essay Example for Free

Impact Technology Has on Sm any Businesses EssayTechnology has given the world a 360 degrees turn, as well as all worryes. Technology has a great impact on our society, culture, tradinges and education. This search will not only prove why it has an impact on small moving ines but too prove how it catch up withs applied science so much better and efficient. The Impact Technology has on Businesses The impact that applied science give the sack make on a small transmission line is huge. Technology has made the world a more efficient and more organized place to succeed, and fuck help a small air be a big success and accomplishment. By making a website for your business, you chamberpot help the business expand by shell outing products through the website, by doing this you expand the business world wide and fundament increase profit. You can as well organize your business in all aspect, simple tasks made in a business such as book memory and record keeping can make s o much simpler by victimization engineering science. Technology is not just computers but is ph whizzs also, which is an essential for both business to have. With technology small businesses can become world-wide businesses and exceed the main purpose and achievement of the owner.To dismount with, technology has made businesses grow. By using computers to achieve simple task as book keeping can make the job easier and keep all papers organized. Computers can help perform umteen tasks that offices have to do, like book keeping. Microsoft excel can help you perform this task in one single page without confusions and with less work than by paper. This is because excel can perform calculations for you once you accommodate it, it is as simple as that.You can perform book keeping, record keeping, and perform all kind-hearted of calculations fast, understandable and visible in a single page. Now a day, you can have your run intoings with business partners who are slightly the world in front of your computer You can use Phones which are also a part of technology, and without them you cant make orders for your business, or talk to others business people who can help you make your business grow while making you grow as an owner and enterpriser also. Productivity can also improve in so many way of lifes by using technology.Technology is exciting and can make things happen in a blink of an eye, work can be so much easier for employees. For example, now supermarkets have advance machines in order to ring the guests supplies, if an error occurs the employee can easily delete it instead of ringing everything up again. Without the advance technology we have today, the employees would have to put all prices by hand meaning they have to memorize all prices and if an error occurs, they will have to ring everything up again in order for the total to be correct.Also by having meetings done at that instant online you can save all the time of warm across the world to mee t with a business partner, so whatever was in concern can be fixed and finish what you have to do, meaning more progress and productivity. By producing a website for your business can you can help it grow and expand your business to many other countries and produce more profit. By making a website many more people can check off what your business clear to the world and have to offer.While a website is world-wide, your customers are world-wide, meaning more goods and services the business stomach will be obtained and sold. If you sell your merchandize through the web you can perform a test and see how many states and countries, would like to have one of your businesses around based on the location wants and needs and conception the business in that specific location. For that fact, that the owner can make the business grow in remainder ways, he/she can grow as an entrepreneur also.Finally with technology, you can produce more profit. By using technology in several ways you can i ncrease the income of the business. Obviously, if you can produce and sell more not only in your location of business but in the web and around the world in which you will expand your business to, you will sell and increase profit. The entrepreneurs income will increase and his success will exceed what was thought to be achieved. Anyone can be an entrepreneur but only the ones who force themselves to do better, can achieve excellence.I think that to install non-homogeneous businesses is not what makes an entrepreneur is how you keep those business stabilize and running is what makes a great entrepreneur. Technology doesnt have to be imported into the business, business can be technology. There are many businesses in which technology is the main purpose, some businesses produce and sell technology, all kinds and types of it. From computers to printers to phones, not only phones but dexterous phones and templates which can be made into computers, mp3 and iPod.These are gadgets that are nothing without technology technology is what brings all these gadgets to live. several(prenominal) businesses cannot produce without technology if you think of it. For example, supermarkets, when you go pay at the registers, most supermarkets are now staring(a) made of technology, the weigh in order to know the prices of fruits and vegetables are connected to the computer which transfer the charge and gives you a price, the screen you look at to keep in check the prices, thats connected to the same monitor and it all combines to the register.When you are ready to pay and its with your credit card, you pass it through a machine which is connected to all and the internet to get an approval. This all needs technology to function. Matthew Hohn said in concert with the advancement of science and technology, technological innovations grew along with it, resulting to the emergence of new equipment and gadgets. No matter how big or small your company is, technology brings both inta ngible and tangible benefits to become cost efficient and to meet the growing demands and needs of customers in the article.I agree with him in every aspect, technology has advance the way to look into our world and experiences, and by connecting businesses with technology and the way it can change the whole business whole is incredible. Its truly amazing how technology has changed our world in many different ways and completely. In conclusion, technology has gave business the chance to expand and grow in many ways, by increase profit, increasing chances of making a being a better one and achieving all the success it thought it will.With technology small businesses can become a world-wide business which will exceed achievement. By becoming world-wide the business will exceed the main purpose and achievement of the owner. Technology can go a in reality long way especially when its combined with business and greatness.

Group Work vs Alone Essay Example for Free

Group Work vs Alone EssayYou could receive useful feedback from root members, and shorten the amount of time you might have origin wholey spent on the project if you had worked alone. opposite word to popular belief, there most certainly is an I in team. It is the same I that appears three propagation in responsibility. Amber Harding When you work in sort out you will be able to assign all(prenominal) member job that will help the project because of their specialization in that area of expertise, like timid person wouldnt extremity to be the presenter and a terrible writer wouldnt want to have the job of writing down everything. Using each persons skills and talent to the groups advantage will make the work easier everyone has different strengths and can contribute something positive to the group. When all the skills are combined it creates new approaches to solving a problem with better results than if you were to work alone. When working in a group its best to make sur e everyone has a job to do so at the finish up you would know who the slackers were and its also important to know your job so at the end of the project theres no mix ups at the end create the entire group to start the project over again.Team means Together Everyone Achieves More indite Unknown When you work in a group you will be able to receive feedback on what youre doing and help to make the project as a whole better. When youre working in a group its easier to improve your ideas than when you work alone, because youll think the idea is really good until person in your group helps you make the idea better.

Chinese philosophy Essay Example for Free

Chinese philosophy EssayThe pair lived in a time of immense social disorder and religious skepticism. They developed the notion of the Dao (way, or path) as the first of all creation and the force (unknowable in its essence but observable in its manifestations) that lies behind the functions and changes of the inbred world. DaoismChinese religion mirrors the social landscape of its adherents. in that location are as many meanings as on that point are vantage points. This can be very confusing to outsidersDaoism and Confucianism existed together. At various points in adept life, you might come through either. (There are many who only practice one) Due to the social disorder of the time, the forefront was what is the basis of a perpetual, unified, and enduring social order? Their answer was the Dao.Nature, after all, was much more stable than anything humans can create. Healthy human life could flourish only in accordance with Dao. Nature, simplicity, a free-and-easy appr oach to life.DaoismTo be skillful and creative, they had to have inner spiritual concentration and put excursus concern with externals, such as monetary rewards, fame, and praise. Artisans were typically very good at this idea.When stressed, or seeking an escape, the Daoist might retire to the countryside, or mountains and write a poem or paint a picture. This was an prove to capture the simplicity of spirit in their own lives. DaoismIn Chinese society, Daoism created the Chinese love of nature It also inspired an intense affirmation of life physical life health, well-being, vitality, longevity, and even immortality. Some Chinese sought the fountain of youth, or herbs and plants that would extend life. This lead to the wealth of knowledge in Chinese medicine.DaoismThere were kind of godsThe gods and Jade Emperor could be seen as the supreme rulers. Obeying the rulers on earth would prepare you to follow him later on. The demons and ghosts of hell acted like and were treated like the bullies, outlaws, and strangers in the real world. All things were the manifestation of the one Dao.

Safe guarding adults Essay Example for Free

Safe guarding adults furnish away(p)Abuse is the violation of an various(prenominal)s human and civil rights by whatsoever other somebody or mortals. The harm whitethorn be natural, mental or ruttish or whitethorn be directed at exploiting the vulnerability of the dupe in a more subtle way. There atomic number 18 m whatsoever varied types of clapperclaw such as somatogenetic, sexual, emotional, neglect, exploitation, discriminatory, institutional, bullying, self-harm and domestic debase. Institutional tread is the maltreatment of a soulfulness (often children or older adults) from a system of power. This end range from acts similar to theme-based child treat, such as neglect, physical and sexual abomination, and hunger, to the effects of assistance programs working below acceptable usefulness standards, or relying on jolty or unfair ways to modify behavior. Institutional blackguard back tooth typically occur in a tutorship home, nursing home, acute hospital or in-patient setting and slew be any of the following discriminatory corruptfiscal abuseneglectphysical abusepsychological and emotional abusesexual abuse communicative abuse1Exploitation is the fact or action of treating psyche below the belt in order to benefit from their work.The main type of exploitation in wellness and social economic aid is financial exploitation. Financial abuse can put one across many forms. For instance, title to the older persons home or other assets is transferred to the abuser and accordingly(prenominal) sold. Funds from checking, savings, and investment accounts be recluse without authorization. Wills are swapd through intimidation. Loans are interpreted out and the funds given to the abuser. Checks are signed oer to the abuser, who cashes them. Even outright stealth of property whitethorn occur.2 Its in like manner most abuse of power, where contain byrs use their role with vulnerable adults for their protest gain. Eg.Sexu al gain, financial gainResidential CareA suspicious care giver superpower harm an elders individualised checks, credit cards, or accounts, forge the elders sig constitution or steal cash, income checks, or household goods. This can occur in the residential care home be beget the PWUS is vulnerable to trust their wellness care practitioner as they seem reliable.3Domestic violence and abuseAny incident or pattern of incidents of controlling or threatening behavior, violence or abuse. The abuse can be psychologicalphysicalsexualfinancialemotionalSigns and symptomsHere are some signs to watch forBruises or injuries that ensure uniform they came from choking, punching, or organism thrown take. Bneediness eyes, red or purple marks at the neck, and sprained wrists are prevalent injuries in violent relationships. Attempting to hide bruises with plantup or clothing Making excuses uniform tripping or organism accident-prone or clumsy. Often the seriousness of the injury does non ru n across up with the explanation.Example 2A nurse comes to visit a straddle in domiciliary care, after couple of visits nurse nonices bruising on the women when doing personal care and nonices she is more withdrawn then usual and becomes defensive when the nurse asks about the bruising. Also the husband has to stay in the room when his wifes personal care takes dedicate and only a woman is allowed to care for his wife, else he gets battleful towards the women anti-Semite(prenominal) AbuseExamples of discriminatory abuseDiscriminatory abuse is mistreatment on the grounds of a person having aparticular characteristic such as a differing ethnicity sex age harm sexual urge wellness status religion. Denying one individual or group the same rights as another individual or group.4 For ideal, soul could be assaulted overdue to the colour of their skin. 1 A carer pick uping after a person in domiciliary care, and not respecting their privacy due to them existence a certain gende r or race. For standard, the carer going through draws/ taking belongings due to a presumption about their ethnicity.Signs and prognosticDiscriminatory abuse can accommodate unequal treatment due to race, gender, religion, age, sex activity or disability verbal abuse, inappropriate language, slurs, harassment and deliberate exclusion denial of basic human and civil rights e.g. allowing lot to follow their own spiritual or cultural beliefs or choice about their own sexuality Indicators of discriminatory abuse whitethorn includelack of choicelack of privacy and dignitylack of personal belongingsuse of punishment withholding intellectual nourishment and drink animal(prenominal) AbusePhysical abuse is defined as the use of physical force that whitethorn result in incarnate injury, physical pain, or impairment. Physical abuse whitethorn include hitting, beating, pushing, shoving, shaking, slapping, kicking, pinching, and burning. Also, inappropriate use of drugs and physical re straints, force-feeding, and physical punishment of any kind besides are lessons of physical abuse.Signs and symptomsbruises, black eyes, welts, lacerations, and rope marks raise fractures, broken bones, and skull fracturesopen wounds, cuts, punctures, untreated injuries in various stages of healing sprains, dislocations, and internal injuries/bleeding broken glasses/frames, physical signs of organism subjected to punishment, and signs of cosmos restrainedSexual AbuseSexual abuse is defined as sexual contact of any kind with a person. Sexual contact with any person incompetent of giving consent is also considered sexual abuse. It includes unwanted touching, all types of sexual assault or battery, such as rape, sodomy, coerced nudity, and sexually explicit photographing.5 Signs and symptomsbruises more or less the breasts or genital areaunexplained venereal unhealthiness or genital infectionsunexplained vaginal or anal bleedingtorn, stained, or bloody underwear andAn elders rep ort of being sexually assaulted or raped.Emotional or Psychological AbuseEmotional or psychological abuse is defined as the infliction of pain or distress through verbal or nonverbal acts. Emotional/psychological abuse includes verbal assaults, insults, threats, intimidation, humiliation, and harassment. In addition, treating an older person like an infant isolating an elderly person from his/her family, friends, or regular activities giving an older person the understood treatment and enforced social isolation are examples of emotional/psychological abuse.Signs and symptomsbeing emotionally reach or agitatedbeing extremely withdrawn and non-communicative or non-responsiveNeglectNeglect is defined as the refusal or failure to fulfil any part of a persons obligations or duties. Neglect may also include failure of a person who has fiduciary responsibilities to provide care for a vulnerable adult. For example an elder (e.g., pay for necessary home care services) or the failure on the part of an in-home service provider to provide necessary care. For example, failure to provide an elderly person with such living necessities as food, water, clothing, shelter, personal hygiene, medicine, comfort, personal safety, and other essentials included in an implied or agreed-upon responsibility to an elder.Signs and symptomsdehydration, malnutrition, untreated bed sores, and pitiful personal hygiene unattended or untreated health problemshazardous or unsafe bindingup condition/arrangements (e.g., improper wiring, no heat, or no running water) unsanitary and unclean living conditions (e.g. dirt, fleas, lice on person, soiled bedding, urine smell, inadequate clothing) and An elders report of being mistreated.BullyingTo bully someone is where an individual uses their superscript strength to intimidate or influence someone to do something that they want them to do. E.g. Bully a person with a mental disease to move or eat something if they do not want to.6Signs and sympto msDepending on the extent of the bullying, the signs and symptoms can be a range of physical and emotional ones.These can includeThe victim becoming withdrawn and quietRepeated injuries which cant be explained such as bruises, fire or cutsThe victim showing signs of losing focus and becoming unable to concentrateSigns of compulsive behaviourAn example of bullying in an old messs home for derangement and Alzheimers http//www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-south-east-wales-12125575 Self-HarmSelf-harm is an indicator of abuse. As a carer you should pick up on self-harm and put the appropriate/care in place to deal with issues. court-ordered responsibility safeguard-duty of care Deliberate injury to oneself, typically as a manifestation of a psychological or psychiatric disorderSigns and symptomsUnexplained cuts, bruises, burns etc. usually on wrists, arms, thighs and pectus Keeping fully covered all the time, even in hot weatherDepressed nature low mood, tearfulness, lack of motivation and interest in anything Withdrawing from othersP2 Detailed descriptions of the indicators of abuse and self-harmDisclosureThis is where the PWUS voluntarily tells you or through discussion orcounselling says that they put up been mistreat. This is an obvious indicator be feature it is coming directly from the person who has been handle. After the PWUS has told this information to a carer it would then be their duty to pass it on and for an investigation to take place. As a carer you have legal responsibility to report this. The incident should be further investigated because the PWUS may have a mental disability and may not watch what abuse is, therefore they may say they have been abused when in fact they havent. For example a person with hallucination might think they are being abused but really they may just be confused. On the other hand someone may reveal they have been abused but may not reveal the full extent of the abuse. An example of where disclosure may occur is in domiciliary care where self-harm is taking place in the PWUS own home. When the carer comes to the PWUS home they may reveal to them that they are self-harming.Changes in behaviourThis can include many different things such as confusion, anesthetize with sleeping, loss of authorization and extinguishions of anger/frustration. Changes in behaviour can easily go un spy because in care settings the ply are usually quite busy catering for e rattlingones needs whilst trying to follow up procedures. This means staff may not notice such a commute in PWUS behaviour. many changes may be more obvious than others, for example, if there is a person who is usually quite loud, bubbly, newsy or out-going and then they become quiet, reserved, start isolation themselves and submissive then this is quite an obvious change in behaviour. An example of changes in behaviour may be in a care home where one PWUS starts to avoid a certain carer and shows fear when they are somewhat, this may be due to this carer being abusive in the past.Difficulties with financeThis may be easier to notice as it would be quite tripping to notice if someone had taken a lump sum of property from an account however it may be hard to link it with abuse straight away. E redundantly if a person has given someone their trust with their finances, you may not want to believe they are abusing that trust. The indicator may be more obvious if it is a sudden change from having plenty of property to struggling with finances. This is likely to be noticed by someone who is around the PWUS when they spend their gold orsomeone who deals with their finances.An example for this indicator may be where a PWUS is being taken out for the sidereal day through community care and they are unable to afford their lunch even though they had plenty of cash to last a couple of weeks only days before. They may go to get the money from their purse and then have null in there. It may also be hard to detect whether someo ne is being abused financially as if its an elderly person with lunacy they may have just misplaced their money or forgotten where they have put someone. However if this happens on a regular occurrence then it might have to be put into investigation.Stress which triggers health problemsThis may be harder to link to abuse as stress can come from many different experiences and events in persons life which can happen at any stage. Mental health problems may be belief, anxiety, dementia etc. In this situation if mental health problems are spotted there should be an investigation to rat sure the real cause of this is found. This may be likely to occur in an elderly wads home where abuse pop off storys to stress which then makes a PWUS dementia worse. A person with dementia is already likely to be stressed as they forget things (even things like forgetting where they are) and they get confused so it would be important to look deeper into stress in case there is any unknown or undisc overed cause to the stress.Unexplained injuriesBruises and scars are signs of abuse. These are the more obvious indicators as they are visible. A PWUS might try to hide these signs because they life embarrassed or they might receive its their fault. The abuser might blame them and say that its their fault and make the PWUS facial expression shameful. For example in a care home a carer might be abusing an elderly with dementia by grabbing theirs wrists and pulling them around or hurting them and then saying to the PWUS that its their fault. They might say no one impart believe them if you tell because youre crazy, you have dementia.They wont believe you you make me do this to you. So as you can see this would be enough to make a PWUS feel too scared to talk of their physical abuse and they may feel too embarrassed or like no one will believe them. So unexplained injuries could be a sign of abuse so if you see this its important to look into whatcaused the injury.Poor HygienePoor hygiene can be a sign of abuse as it could be a sign of neglect. Hygiene could be theyre own personal hygiene like not looking and smelling clean. Or it could be their milieu for example if its someone who is living at home but has a carer come to look after them or help them. A sign of neglect could be the house is not clean, or their duvet smells dirty and their clothes to. However it may also be where a PWUS has more intemperate needs and the practitioner leaves them out to avoid catering to their difficult needs.Physical indicators-scars-hygiene-malnourishment-cancers-heart disease-panic attacks-mouth ulcersBehavioural indicators-not trusting other people-low mood-low self-esteem-becoming passive or complaint- silly attendance at drill or to social activities-attention seeking-mood swings-withdrawn-aggressive behaviour towards others-not expressing wishes or choices-difficulty sleeping-social isolationBoth-Difficulty to pay bills-depression-break down in relationships-unempl oyment-povertyP3 Explanations of factors that may contain to abusive situations Vulnerable adults may includeLearning disabilities They dont fully read how to look after themselves and people may get frustrated because they do not understand certain things. They may have a lack of social awareness that they are being abused or treated unfairly e.g. Down syndrome goes to cinema and pays and isnt aware of how much change they should get. Physical disabilities They physically cant do some things for themselves, cant fight back when being abused. They are reliant on others for personal care, if care isnt provided they can become unheeded which may lead to infection, dehydration, malnourishment etc. Dementia Unable to remember things which means people can take good of them. Memory confusion may mean the PWUS doesnt realise they are being abused, this may tend to be financial abuse because they ae unable to keep track of their money so wont notice if any goes missing.Mental health ne eds They are unaware of what is expression and what isnt therefore they may think abuse is average and they shouldnt tell anyone about it. out-of-pocket to mental distress there may be confusion or lack of understanding over the abuse taking place. Aphasia This is similar to dementia and the memory problem may cause confusion and someone may take advantage of this. A stunning impairment For example blind/deaf. Blind people cant see you taking money (cant see abuse taking place). deafen people cant hear verbal abuse taking place. Ill health (cancer, diabetes) quite a little with ill health need personal care, and they may not know how to get the help that they need. They might be open to poor quality services as desperation means they will try anything. Someone may take advantage of this desperation by charging lots of money for something that wont work. (Practitioners making false claims) Older people Tend to require or be reliant for personal care and managing finances theref ore someone may take advantage of managing their finances by taking money for themselves. They also may be forgetful so may not notice the abuse taking place.Environments where abuse may take placeday care centrescommunity careday careindependent livingresidential carehospitalshomehealth services, e.g. GP surgeries, dental surgeries, physiatricsContexts of abuseAdults who feel shame or fear of reporting this may affect anyone as they may be scared of any repercussions that may happen as a result of reporting abuse. Discriminatory practice this may affect anyone because everyone could be a victim of being discriminated against. This would occur if the person has a protected characteristic of which they are being discriminated against.People who are dependent on others for personal care, for example physical disabilities. This may lead to abuse as the PWUS may be rough handled and/or neglected. Adults who do not have the social awareness that abuse has taken place this may include PWU S with dementia or a learning difficulty. Financial abuse may be likely to take place as the PWUS will be unaware that their money is missing. Communication difficulties this could affect a PWUS who is an aphasiac, has a sensory impairment or has autism. They may not be able to fight back or impersonate up for themselves. They also may not understand the abuse as well as fight down to report it. Social isolation this is likely to occur with older people in their own homes or people with a mental illness because they may live alone and not go out and see friends meaning they are going without any social contact.People with a mental illness may socially isolate themselves on purpose because they do not want to be around other people. Bullying within care services this could also affect anyone and it is where a carer may assert their power over a PWUS to show that they are above the PWUS. It may also happen surrounded by PWUS where verbal or physical abuse is taking place. Invasion of privacy this couldalso affect any of the groups and may be where a PWUS is not given privacy to get undressed or go to the bathroom etc. Relationships involving power any of the groupsLack of mental capacity to consent to sexual relationships This may include people with learning difficulties and mental illness and because they cant consent this is where sexual abuse may take place and the health or care professional may take advantage of this. Examples of people who may abuseHealth or care professionals, those working in health or care environments, other people using services, partners, carers, relatives, friends, strangers and volunteers. Reasons why these people may abuseThe abuse may be due to a historical cycle of abuse where the abused becomes the abuser. Being abused in the past may lead someone to think that it is okay to abuse others. People with depression/anger management issues may use their power over others to abuse. Those with anger management may be unable to co ntrol their actions in a fit of rage. Reduced mental capacity maybe due to learning difficulty or mental illness may mean they do not understand that what they are doing is abusive. They may feel as though what they are doing is not wrong as they do not know the boundaries of what is right and wrong. Poor safeguarding procedures may mean practitioners may not fully understand their role in protecting PWUS. This means the abuse may be accidental because they are not following certain procedures correctly.Cultural differences/first language not being English may lead to frustration and misunderstanding between a practitioner and PWUS. Poor role model in a senior member of staff may mean that any new members of staff think its common practice and that its okay for them to abuse the PWUS. First hand experiences of violence may lead to mimicry of behaviour. Poor care from the health care professionals may be due to long hours, bringing in personal issues to work and taking it out on ser vice users. Also being in a low paid job and being short staffed can all be contributing factors to poor care. short circuit staffing may mean that there is not enough time to care for all the PWUS properly. M1 Short marge effects of abusePhysical abuse/exploitationPhysical abuse can have many effects (short- terminal and long-term) on a PWUS and these can be physical, intellectual, emotional and social Physical health and public assistance is the positive functioning of body systems and the absence of illness or disease. It is getting the right step of nutrients, activity and rest needed to function. The potential short term effects of physical abuse on physical health and wellbeing include dehydration and malnourishment from not getting enough food and water. Also injuries such as bruising, cuts, finger print marks, whiplash, friction burns. There may also be long term effects for these injuries, for example if a PWUS gets a cut during personal care and this is not dealt with t hen it could get infected which could, in severe cases, lead to something like blood poisoning. Long term effects of head injuries may include something such as epilepsy which is very serious and could affect the PWUS in many different aspects of their life, for example they wouldnt be able to watch films with flashing lights or go places like carnival or fair which usually have flashing flights which could prevent them spending special days out with their families.The potential short term effects of sexual exploitation may be injuries caused to the genital area as well as STIs being passed on during sexual abuse which may take place in community care. PWUS with learning difficulties may be sexually abused as they would not understand what is incident and/or if it is abuse or if it is normal .This is because they dont always know the difference between right and wrong and if the abuser is telling them its okay and normal they might not think any different as the abuser is meant to be the person pity for them. Financial exploitation could lead to the PWUS having to go without food and basic necessities as they are short of money therefore they may become malnourished.Financial abuse may take place in care from home where the carer has a responsibility to deal with their money and finances and they slowly and sneakily transfer money into their own account or they may take cash which is lying around and then make out the PWUS is just forgetting where they have put it and take advantage. This could go easily unnoticed as there would only be one carer and its in the comfort of the elderly PWUS home so not as many people would be there to become suspicious or realise.Intellectual health and wellbeing involves positive learning experiences which lead to skills and language being developed throughout life. Getting support to be able to learn and being mentally bear upon and challenged. The short term effects of physical abuse may include a head injury caused by the PWUS being shaken which may cause problems with cognitive processes and may cause the PWUS to become confused as well as have trouble with memory. If abusive practice is extensive enough that standard activity to stimulate intellect cannot be through by the PWUS because they may be unable to concentrate. This may lead to a fall in attendance at school/work. The short term effects of exploitation may include a PWUS being unable to focus on certain tasks due to thinking about being sexually taken advantage of.Also with financial exploitation the PWUS may have money worries due to their money being taken from them without their permission, this may then lead to them not taking part in activities that could stimulate the brain. If a PWUS is having money taken from them in their home during domiciliary care then they may feel very confused. Also a PWUS may be exploited by not being able to be involved in certain activities as a result of the carer leaving them out, maybe because their n eeds are more difficult than some of the other PWUS. This may lead to them not being intellectually stimulated and stumping their development in different skills and language.Emotional health and wellbeing includes being able to express yourself and if emotional support is required, being able to find and use this support. It is also being happy and ready in yourself as well as being in good mental health. Many emotions can arise when physical abuse and exploitation takes place and they tend to be very negative and can have negative effects on the person. Feelings of fear of the abuser are likely to occur, as a result of physical abuse. They may fear they may be abused again. If the abuse took home in a care home they may feel to scared to ever go into a care home again through the fear of being abused again. If it was sexual abuse they may feel upset and embarrassed/humiliated about the abuse. The abuser may also make the person feel as though the abuse is their fault therefore th ey may feel guilty and start to get a low mood which is the sustainning of depression. The person being abused may become hot about the abuse aswell as becoming anxious about it happening again.This could also lead to panic attacks. Exploitation such as a PWUS being treated unfairly by being left out/not interacted with as much as other PWUS may lead to them becoming upset and lower their self-confidence. They may start to make less of an effort and become withdrawn as they will feel excluded. Financial exploitation can lead to confusion as to where money is going and upset over not having enough money for certain things. Also if the PWUS becomes aware of the financial exploitation they may feel very taken advantage of and maybe helpless that they cant do anything about it. They may feel no one will believe them or they may feel to scared to report it as they may fear abuse afterwards. Or they may feel maybe they are just being confused because thats whats the carer has told them so they believe it.Social health and wellbeing is where a person has a social network of friends and family and is able to keep and form meaning(prenominal) relationships. Also going out with these friends and families and enjoying yourself by taking part in different activities. Short term effects of physical abuse and exploitation on social health and wellbeing may include becoming withdrawn and not wanting to see friends and family. A PWUS, for example in a residential home, may stop wanting to participate in the activities provided and may stop interacting with other residents.The person may stop interacting with others as well as stop making choices for themselves and allowing others to make their choices for them. This will make them overt their independency which could result in them later being taken advantage of. Also the PWUS may begin to imitate unacceptable behaviour as they have poor role models around them. Exploitation could lead to a PWUS not wanting to interact wi th others if they have been left out in the past or have been taken advantage of. This could lead to social isolation as they would push people away and may lose social contacts.Strengths of spotting signs and symptoms earlyThe indicators or warning signs of abuse are clues that something is happening in the life of the person that should be looked into. Some indicators are obvious signs of abuse. Other indicators are subtle, requiring circumspect observation. In some situations abuse may not be occurringat all. It is important to think about the person and any health or behavioural issues they have. Some people may get injure more easily due to health reasons or aging. For example, some medications and some health problems like haemophilia (where the blood clots slowly) can cause easy bruising. Some people may engage in self-injurious behaviours that cause injuries that look like abuse. Even if you discover that a person has a health or behavioural issue that might be the cause of the injury, it is still important to investigate to rule out abuse as the cause. It is important to put aside any biases that you might have that care providers would not abuse a person with a disability that they support.

Uses of Nursing Theory Essay Example for Free

Uses of Nursing Theory EssayI was fascinated by the quote above for in general, we can never go wrong in a recitation that is based on a tested knowledge and guided by theory. Recorded history of Greece source developed its special uses from Pythagoras to Aristotle, up to present, uses of theory still remains important. Nursing apprehension, like any separate field, is a melting pot of care and healing that has been moulded and preserved since the dawn of time. (Octaviano and Balita, 2008) Theory strives to explain the science and art of suck in. Nursing is as varied as the people who practice it, and is dynamic and diverse as kaleidoscope of ethnic, cultural and religious manifestations of people who receive nursing care. It is important that nursing is grounded on accepted scientific truths and principles in order to give safe and quality nursing care. (Octaviano and Balita, 2008) Implied as highly dynamic and undergoes alteration, as further research and studies are don e and as they are enriched by practice, theory can change overtime. However, there are also theories that remain valid despites the passage of time.It is very important that theory guides and improves nursing practice, research and nursing reading. Decision making, independent, dependent and interdependent functions, leadership, as well as further education for specializations are only few of vast spectrum nursing concepts that make up nursing theory. Considering my little let, I would like to illustrate the use of Patricia Benners Theory of Skill Acquisition in Nursing. (I considered my current experience/skill as Advance Beginner. ) (Novice) When I was a student nurse on my senior year, I was assigned to take care and admonisher newborn undergoing phototherapy.I was instructed by our clinical instructor to monitor the time and frequency the newborn is exposed to photolight, covered babys eyes and genitals, assess patient ofs hydration by weighing diapers, monitor vital signs, check IV insertions and perform other activities with oddment supervision from clinical instructor. (Advance Beginner) After graduated, I took the licensure exam and became a registered nurse. I volunteered in a union hospital and Basic Emergency Obstetrics and Neonatal Care (BEMONC) and was hired by DOH-CHD as RN Heals nurse trainee.Months from now, I result be a DR Nurse in a provincial hospital, will be working hard and will aspire to be promoted (LOL) . I will attend seminars and trainings to bring up my skills and knowledge. (Proficient) I will be competent in the clinical area and academe because (two to three age from now), I already finished masters degree in nursing. (Expert) Seven to eight days from now, I have finished my doctoral degree and will be a chief nurse and a part time professor in a university. (LOL) Theory encourages us to be wondering(prenominal) to investigate and explore what more should we know.

Introductory paragraph and online worksheet Essay Example for Free

Introductory paragraph and online worksheet EssayI am number three of four children in the family line up, the first and only to go to college. My p bents everlastingly have been supportive of my going back to develop because they did not even finish elementary school. My locomote plan is to become an Elementary School Teacher or a Marriage and Family Therapist. I am currently working on getting my bachelors degree in psychology, possibly a masters degree in education or counseling. University of Phoenix was one of my first school choices, I loved that I could focus on one class at a epoch and be able to work full time. The tools available to a University of Phoenix student are horrendous build a career plan, do job market research, online library, personality tests, and much more. My competencies helped me to see what my strengths and weaknesses are such as innovating, writing, adapting to change, and coping with pressure. Once I completed the career interest profiler, I wa s not surprised to see that my results encouraged me to be a teacher or a therapist because I am interested in that.

High school Essay Example for Free

High school EssayIn the last semester of junior high school, I left hand home for my study experience in Sydney. Though I initially had a hard beat because of language barrier, I later made friends with my interesting enthusiasm and friendliness. Thereafter, I also studied overseas in Canada, an experience that helped expand my general perspectives in life. Here I also faced near unpleasant and embarrassing racial prejudice but my approach with positive view of life won over many as friends. High schools experiences helped me pull through the long and arduous time when I served in the military. The two years and nine months of military service transformed me into an individual with strength, patience, and will power. During sullen training I bit down and became notwithstanding more involved. The training was usually exhausting, but the smack of pride do in consoleed in us a sense of confidence and will power. As our unit was placed along side American troops near the mili tary perimeter, many American officers and soldiers came to bid our unit. One day I was summoned by the battalion commander as an interpreter, and ever since then my subject of specialty changed from a counterattack gun to the role of an aide to the battalion commander.Life there was non one for soldiers but for executive ranks in the battalion and was full of hardships for a mere soldier handle myself. Again, I developed good relationship with many in the executive ranks with my characteristically enthusiastic personality. I fully utilized my influence to act as a negotiator between the two groups when conflicts arose. I was able to overcome jealousy of fellow soldiersand we laterrelied on each other for mutual relationship. I still fondly look back to the fulfilling memories of how my small help brought back liveliness to our days in the battalion.The cherishment of these memories and the continuation of personal development are made possible by the help of my family, who gu ll always been by my side and have always been my greatest supporters. I strongly believe that my wonderful personality comes from my family. I have been born into the happiest family in the world, and grew under the worlds most outstanding parents. My conservative get under ones skin taught me the importance of leadership, responsibility, and diligence through daily activities I do in life, and my mother personally showed me dateless love.My brother equally gave me an unwavering support, revealing to me those things that are important in my life for consolidation. The memories I have from my past experiences make up my life, and they are the motivation that cheer me to continually forge ahead in life. My family, friends, and even the people that I say hello to whose names I dont even know are all part of my network and my life. I have thus learned from unforgettable experiences and strongly convinced that a positive viewpoint lends happiness in life. With confidence and pride I l ook forward to writing

Any warrant officer or enlisted member who Essay Example for Free

any(prenominal) warrant officer or enlisted member who EssayArticle 91 -Any warrant officer or enlisted member who (1) strikes or assaults a warrant officer, non-commissioned officer, or petty officer, objet dart that officer is in the execution of his office (2) willingfully disobeys the lawful order of a warrant officer, noncommissioned officer, or petty officer or (3) treats with contempt or is disrespectful in language or deportment toward a warrant officer, noncommissioned officer, or petty officer while that officer is in the execution of his office shall be punished as a court-martial may direct. Article 91 of the Uniform code of justice (UCMJ) is insubordinate conduct toward warrant officer, Noncommissioned Officer (NCO), or slight Officer. Article 91 of the UCMJ defines insubordination and failure to obey order and regulation. Military discipline and effectiveness is built on the foundation of obedience to orders given by senior leadership or grades appointed ever ywhere you. Its not insubordinate conduct if the order given is unethical or illegal incomplete is refusing to perform an order that is within the power of the person giving the order.Many superiors feel that the line of vocal contempt can be broken on many different levels. One can barely assume that foul language, and language that may impose threat, violence or outright disobedience will ultimately fall in to the category of verbal contempt and disorderly language. A simple verbal disagreement with no foul language or violent intent can be considered as verbal contempt and or disorderly language to the NCO.An enlisted member can be subject to universe punished by this article just on the superiors thoughts on whether or not the accused was in verbal contempt. So in the case of a disagreement between ii individuals, where one Marine says something and the next Marine another, it is what is perceived as the truth that becomes the truth. This can be trouble to some service mem bers due to the fact if they have nothing to back their story it can be assumed they are lying.Even if this is the case, until proven otherwise it will be assumed you have lie and will face punishment accordingly. In conclusion the purpose of Article 91 is to establish a set of rules and respect for all service members to adhere to. This takes a better work atmosphere and helps create the needed separation between superiors and subordinates. Without the separation between the service members the system could never function accordingly.

Development and Diversity Essay Example for Free

Development and Diversity testifyWhen a child is conceived they begin to develop in the mother whom and continue to develop until adulthood. Today we insure at these developments and find rude(a) ways to teach children that e rattling develop at contrary rates. end-to-end history child development was ignored and little at tennertion was paid to the advantages in their early abilities much(prenominal) as language usage, and physical growth that occurs during childhood and adolescence. Throughout the years there has been many passel have come up with theories that support the growth of the development of children. I will talk about(predicate) one of these theories here. B. F. Skinner, who carried out experimental fly the coop mainly in comparative psychology from the 1930s to the 1950s, entirely remained behaviorisms lift out known theorist and exponent virtually until his death in 1990, developed a decided kind of behaviorist philosophy, which came to be called radi cal behaviorism. He also claimed to have found a new version of psychological science, which he called behavior analysis or the experimental analysis of behavior (Richard Culatta) The behaviorist surmisal is a worldview that operates on a principle of stimulus-response.all(a) behavior ca expenditured by external stimuli all behavior back be explained without the need to consider internal mental states or consciousness. Originators and important contributors of this theory are John B. Watson, Ivan Pavlov, B. F. Skinner. The behaviorist theory is based discharge of confirmative and disconfirming feedback to bookmans in a schoolroom. It is a way to train the students in viewing the correct way so they can advance moving onto the level of their education. An example can be a mouse in a confine that is real thirsty.Well the mouse will do and try anything to nonplus out of that cage to get something to drink but when it finds the feeding bottle and see that all it has to do is push the little halt on the end to get some water the mouse is satisfied. The same go for students and children. Children will grapple tooth and nail to try and get out of anything that they do not like but if they see a settle with at the end they will stay with it to get the refund. This keeps them focused and controlled at the same time. on that point are three main contributors to this theory John B.Watson, Ivan Pavlov, B. F. Skinner. These three have all contributed to this theory in one way or another.John B. Watson conducted research on animals, children, and advertising to further the theory. Ivan Pavlov conducted research on temperament of children, conditioning and involuntary reflex actions. Finally B. F. Skinner invented his own philosophy called radical behaviorism. All of these men have helped to improve on the theory to help us understand childrens learn and development better so we can teach them in better ways.Education is what survives when what has been learn ed has been forgotten (B. F. Skinner) The theory of behaviorism can be used in a classroom setting in many ways. It is the way that it is used that will determine if it works for the instructor and the student or hurts the teacher and the student. Giving children goals at an early age to accomplish tasks in the classroom can be a really good thing. Children always want a reward for the things they do.They are taught that at a very early age with their parents when doing thing like picking up their rooms and getting a reward for that at home. Well that carries into the classroom setting also. To reward students is giving them very positive feedback on their work many teachers use the star system. A large chart on the wall with all the students names and stars for the good work they have done. This gives students a little push to do their best because they want those stars so they can be proud or even get a reward for the most stars.This is a great idea in most cases but teachers nee d to be mensural with this also because it can backfire on them. If you have a student that is a slower apprentice and does not receive stars like the others this can hurt that student and their learning. Yes there has be negative feedback with positive feedback but if all the child gets is negative feedback it can lead to them right giving up and we do not want that. So we have to walk a fine line when it comes to using different techniques in the classroom.All students are different and learn different so we have to work slightly that so all of our students receive the same education as the other. You can use activities in your classroom that go along with behaviorism and that will benefit your students in many ways. For example take ten sentences that go along with your lesson plan. Say you are teaching about animals in your class this week you can make up ten sentences and leave one word out of each sentence. Then you would identify the missing words out of order and have t he children fill in the blanks with the words that are off to the side. You can give rewards for their work to stimulate them in doing their best by giving a prickle for each one they get correct. This is a good way to do it because you have a really good chance of getting at least one sticker and all are skilful but most of the kids will do well because they are going to try for more than just one.There are many different theories in education that can help a teacher in the classroom. These all work to give the student a better learning experience. It is the way you use them that will determine if they work or not for you and your students. With behaviorism you need to give positive and negative feedback to your student it is that you have to walk a fine line so you do not dissuade your students from learning but make them want to be the best student they can be.

The importance of reading Essay Example for Free

The importance of culture Essay tuition has at all measure and in all ages been a source of knowledge, of happiness, of pleasure and even moral courage. In todays world with so much more(prenominal) to know and to remove and also the need for a conscious effort to clutch the divisive forces, the importance of reading has increased. In the olden days if reading was not cultivated or encouraged, there was a substitute for it in the religious sermon and in the oral tradition. The practice of notice stories at bed time compensated to some extent for the lack of reading. In the nineteenth hundred Victorian households used to get together for an hour or so in the evenings and listen to books world read aloud. But today we not only read, we also want to read more and more and catch up with the events taking place around us. The various courses and classes being conducted in rapid reading support this belief.A person who is widely read is able to mix with others he is a meliorat e conversationalist than those who do not read. He can stand his ground. Reading broadens the vision. it is in a musical mode a substitute for travel. It is not possible to travel as much as one would deal to and reading can fill in the gap created by the lack of travel. Reading, as Bacon wrote in his essay. Of Studies. maketh a full man conference a ready man and writing an exact man. Thus a widely-read man is a better conversationalist and is able to see the other point of view. Literature is a form of art which can cross barriers and if one does not know the language in which a piece of literature is written, one is willing sometimes to learn the language.Even if one does not learn a language one reads the literary work in translation. This contributes to the growth of understanding and tolerance amongst people. Reading also helps one to see the present in relation to the past and the future, and thus develop a historical perspective. Care is needed to ensure that reading does not become a substitute for real(a) life. The moment one ceases to enjoy the ordinary pleasures and happiness of life and is content to enjoy them vicariously done fictional and historical representations, one loses all the benefits of reading and loses contact with life. With the cinema and television taking up a great deal of attention of children, teenagers and even adults, the habit of serious reading is dying out. nation are content to read abridged versions.

Impact of Stigma on the Fight Against AIDS

Impact of grunge on the Fight Against AIDSStigma is an essential constraint in the fight against AIDS. Discuss. 1500 words.In 2008, the field health Organization deliberated that human immunodeficiency virus-related stigma and discrimination argon often prevalent indoors health services, and be critical obstacles to provision and uptake of health sector interventions. Stigma and discriminationoften pervasive at each(prenominal) levels of societysustain an environment where it is tall(prenominal) for health services to attract the people who around need the interventions. ( homo Health Organization human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS Department 2008 p.12) As the same organisation reports, either day, over 6,800 people become infected with HIV and over 5,700 die. This paper discusses the counsel in which the stigmatization of Aids sufferers impedes understanding of their condition, and the ability of society to address the problem holistically. It argues that society has a te ndency to rail off target groups over problematical and divisive health issues, and offers earlier examples of these practices . Commenting on preventative measures in southbound Africa, the World Health Organisation again points out that it is chief(prenominal) to collect information on higher(prenominal) risk male-male sex, on sexual deportment among sex workers, on both injecting behaviour and sexual behaviour among injecting drug exercisingrs, and on sexual behaviours in other groups that may be at higher risk. (World Health Organisation 2008 p.14) Whilst their analysis is based on positivist evidence, the identification of certain groups as most at risk introduces the parallel risk that they will be perceived by others as solely or especially responsible for the prevalence of the condition. The urge to discriminate against a range of kindly groups appears to be a very deep seated one in Western societies. As Rothman points out, Individualsearn prestige on the can of th eir own effortsor personal attributes (physical attractiveness, intelligence), but there is also a powerful structural ratio to prestige. (Rothman 1993 p.12). However, certain social groups appear particularly vulnerable to stigmatization around issues of sexuality and disease HIV and AIDS sufferers, it may be argued, are the latest group to suffer the re-interpretation of such prejudice. It seems fair to argue therefore that the defeat of stigmatisation is instrumental in the eradication of HIV/AIDS, and almost as important as the medical phenomenon itself. As one commentator puts it, If AIDS is to be defeated, war must be waged against poverty, ignorance, stigmatisation, violence and promiscuity. (The Economist 2002).Historically speaking, social explanations and interpretations of disease consecrate always been mediated with and through cultural perceptions, and frequently manipulated for governmental purposes. Dirt, disease, sexuality and danger were frequently and unfavou rably juxtaposed in public discussions of epidemics, whether relating to sexually transmitted diseases or not. A common theme in such discourses is a moralising view of the infected, and an inference that their behaviour was a major contributory factor in the spread of the disease to others. For example, when Cholera afflicted 19th century Britain, which had not yet developed a germ-theory of disease, its spread was attributed to noxious effluvias, poisonous blues and obnoxious atmospheres generated in the environment of the poor and labouring classes. (Jones 1992 p.38) It was they who were effectively stigmatised with the dissemination of the disease, despite its prevalence amongst all social groups. As Mort reports, the official response was to isolate the human sources of infection, subjecting them to a regime of compulsory follow-up and detention, combined with propaganda to educate the poor into a regime of cleanliness and morality. (Mort 2000 p.13) Official efforts to limi t prostitution focused solely on female sexuality through the notorious Contagious Diseases Acts, which exposed any woman within certain geographical areas to arbitrary arrest, medical examination and detention.A common theme in these scenarios, many a(prenominal) of which were mirrored elsewhere, is the subjective location of societal health problems in the behaviour and identity of disempowered groups. In each instance as in the case of HIV/AIDS, responsibility for wider societal ills is linked to a by and large voice little faction, who not only bring poor lateral integration into society, but also less than sympathetic media representation. These behaviours and attitudes are obviously culturally mediated, and vary according to the host society there is, however, no shortage of empirical examples. In Jamaica, otherwise respected social platforms such as evangelical churches and political parties, as well as popular music celebrities, combine the fear of AIDS with virulent disc riminatory attitudes. Dance-hall musictodays reggaeblasts across Jamaica. Its lyrics are often direct exhortations to kill gay people, or others who displease the islands gangs. Jamaica mash Party supporters tauntingly played Chi Chi Man, a song about cleansing and setting fire to gay men, at their rallies during the general election (The Economist 2004). Elsewhere, it has been shifting positions and indecision which have delayed an effective response. In Mozambique, educational programmes aimed at 14 year olds are of uncertain utility, because 40 per cent of the nations children do not attend school, and, as The Economist points out, their parents find it difficult to talk to them about sex. So do most public figures. Even ministers are loath to distinguish they have taken a test. Rarely, if ever, does anyone famous admit to being HIV-positive. (The Economist 2002) This situation is mirrored in South Africa, where, as Campell et al. indicate many parents simply refuse to acknowl edge the very possibility of juvenility sexualitythat their children are sexually active. (Campbell et al. 2006 p.132) The South African government has been engaged in a rearguard against international attitudes which, it felt, were unfairly slanted against its citizens. Recently however, it has rounded on the latter, admonishing those who it perceives as most responsible for the virulence of the disease. President Thabo Mbeki of South Africa said that You cant be going around having hugely liberal sex all over the place and hope that you wont be affected by something or the other. (The Economist 2002) Campbell et al. argue that such stigmatization is a form of psychological policing, where those who break power transaction of gender and generation are disciplined and punished. (Campbell et al 2006 p.132). In Tanzania, Haram reports it is again women who are stigmatized in this way, through images of defilement and displacement particular concern is directed towards the displacem ent of youngwomen, who misuse their sexuality to arrive at aluxurious life , by luring wealthymen (Haram 2005 p.5)The overriding point here is that stigmatization, as much as mis-information and chimerical moral panics, are ultimately as damaging to those disseminating them as they are the stigmatized and abandoned victims of HIV/AIDS themselves. As Mort point out, Two themes have surfaced repeatedly competing understandings of perversion and nitrogen and the social meanings attached to sexual acts and lifestyles. (Mort 2000 p.xviii) The obscuring and short-circuiting of accurate knowledge or effective counter measures merely ensures the proceed presence of the infection in society, making it statistically certain that further innocent victims will resolve prey to the disease. An analogy with earlier models of stigmatization illustrates this mechanism of self destruction. It was completely useless to persecute nineteenth century paupers and women as the sole sources of cholera o r venereal disease, since this stood no chance of eliminating either condition. Similarly, the stigmatisation of women or the gay community cannot eliminate an HIV virus which is equally capable of infecting other social groups. In the twenty-first century, the social stigmatization of these groups overlooks the specificities of the condition, such as the growing convergence of HIV/TB epidemics.There are notable and laudable exceptions to these patterns of behaviour for example, in Botswana, mining companies such as Debswana have introduced educational and non-discriminatory protocols as an operational strategy, not only for health, but for commercial survival. As The Economist points out, the high society reckoned that if it did nothing, its mines would go the way of Zambias, which have to train four people for each skilled job in the knowledge that three will die. Even in 1997 the annual cost of AIDS per employee in the Botswana infield Valuing Company was calculated to be $237. (The Economist 2002) . As these pages were being written, the World Health Organization was attempting to polarize global attention and effort through an international AIDS effort, and focusing very much on prevention and understanding. First and foremost, we must do a much better job of prevention. This is the only way to get ahead and ensure an adequate long-term response. We urgently need to scale up the use of proven context-specific prevention methods. We also need to expand linkages between sectors for example, to introduce and scale up all-around(prenominal) sexuality education for young people. (Chan 2008). The problem is, as Haram argues, that such efforts need to be mediated through local knowledge, identifying the obstacles to behavioural change. (Haram 2005 p.9)BibliographyCampbell, C., Y.Nair, and S Maimane, (2006). Aids Stigma, Sexual Moralities and the Policing of Women and Youth in South Africa. Feminist check up on 83 (Special Edition on Sexual Moralities). P.C han, M., (2008), HIV/AIDS Universal Action Now World Health Organisation Website, INTERNET, available at http//www.who.int/dg/speeches/2008/20080803/en/index.html viewed 5.1.08Haram, L. (2005). AIDS and risk The handling of precariousness in northern Tanzania. Culture, Health and Sexuality 7 (1) 1-11.Jones, K., (1992), The Making of Social Policy in Britain, 1830-1990, Athlone Press, London.Mort, F., (2000), terrible Sexualities Medico-Moral Politics in England since 1830, 2nd Edition, Routledge, London.Rothman, R., (1993), Inequality and Stratification Class, Colour, and Gender, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.Unattributed, The Fear that Spreads remainder, The Economist, 25 Nov 2004, INTERNET, available at http//www.economist.com/ cosmea/americas/displaystory.cfm?story_id=3437101 viewed 5.1.08Unattributed, Fighting back, The Economist, 9th May 2002, INTERNET, available at http//www.economist.com/world/displaystory.cfm?story_id=E1_TTNDTDJ viewed 5.1.08Wo rld Health Organization HIV/AIDS Department, (2008), Priority Interventions, HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment and parcel out in the health sector, WHO.World Health Organization/Unaids/Unicef, (2008), Epidemiological Fact Sheet on HIV and AIDS South Africa, INTERNET, available at http//www.who.int/globalatlas/predefinedReports/EFS2008/full/EFS2008_ZA.pdf viewed 5.1.08