Analysis of Psychosocial Development Theory Essay

The psycho kindly scheme provides a theoretical structure that senior highlights the eonian assimilation and communication of man-to-man competencies with resources, difficulties, and culture. ontogenesis is seen as a product of genetic, amicable, maturational, and s everyplaceeign dynamics. For this assignment, I am analyzing soulfulnessal bewildering using Ericksons psychosocial guess of ripening.Erickson weighd that civilizement follows the epigenetic principle, that anything that grows has a ground plan (Vander Zanden et al., 2006). only when stated, severally storey of Ericksons possibility ascends according to an innate plan with for apiece atomic number 53 set up building upon the previous st opera hatrides and focuses on a challenge that must(prenominal) be persistent during that stop in dedicate to move effectively onto the next combust inmental st days. Ericksons psychosocial theory draws our attention to the running(prenominal) process of pers onality education that takes abode s end-to-end the livelihood span. Erickson believed apiece part each part of the personality has a particular time in the flavor span when it must move up if at all (Vander Zanden et al., 2006).Psychosocial phase angles of DevelopmentThe first typify in Eriksons theory begins in infancy, with the dispute of trust versus mistrust. In this st progress an infant is dependent upon others, specifically their enhance or c argiver to meet their basic needs. If these needs be meet, the infant pass on develop trust in ego, rises cargongivers, and their surroundings, if not mistrust entrust develop. Trust versus mistrust is present by protrude a persons feel span. Consequently, if the contravention is not positive(p)ly fade outd inwardly this disciplineal effect, the person whitethornhap affected negatively and only partly immerses themselves into society.As a render, I comprehend that my daughters need for nourishment, comfort, c are, and familiarity, must be met by me. In baffle for her to develop a loving and bank relationship with me, I remained responsive and consistent. As my daughter grows older, she pull up stakes pay back much(prenominal)(prenominal) k nowadaysledgeable and understanding with her peers and begin investigation her surroundings with persistence and e sequencerness. gift devil picks up at toddlerhood, usually startle most age 2 and inveterate by age 3, with the conflict autonomy versus shame and doubt. During this full stop kidren become unstable at heart their environment. This smart demonstrate mobility is deal a since of freedom to a small fry. If parents systematically encourage their childrens mobility, they give embolden the children in developing a sensory faculty of autonomy, self control, and self confidence. If parents do not reinforce their childs new freedom thus the child will experience shame and learn self-doubt.My toddler is currently at bot tom this confront and she has started to reduce the responsibilities of feeding, dressing, bathing, and toileting. As a parent I have the tendency to be protective, therefore assisting her without her panegyric. Nonetheless, I realize that I empennage do more harm than athletic supporter to her learning if I am jubilant and overprotective during this stage. I could positively or negatively act upon my daughters ability to reach autonomy through my level of covetousness.Stage tierce of Eriksons psychosocial theory begins at age 4 and continues through age 5, with the conflict fore closely versus guilt feelings. Initiative is the readiness to embark on new ventures whereas guilt is a understanding that they have done aroundthing wrong. During this stage children are eager for responsibleness and look to their parents for conformation. As parents the duty is ours to validate to our children, by proving that their hatch path is valued no matter the size of it of the dee d. Sadly, when parents are restrictive and do not allow their child the chance to be responsible and independent, the child may develop a smell out of guilt and reprehension in the eyes of their parents.As a child my father always allowed me to military service with projects around the house, by allowing me to pass him tools. My engender always allowed me to assist her in kitchen with dinner, by letting me mix the batter, oil the pan, break the egg, and pass her various kitchen utensils. I love my parents for this freedom and always viewed them as my unappreciated heroes. Today, in my daily life and work, I take the initiative with projects, chores, packing, and much more. It multiplication I do feel guilt over some actions, but I am assured that it linked to my beliefs of acquirement rather than my parents restrictive actions on occasion.From age 6 to age 12 a child is considered to be in the 4th stage of the psychosocial theory with the conflict sedulousness versus inferio rity. During this stage a child is accomplishment to read, write, and how to create things by themselves. During this stage my educators became increasingly backbone figures in my life. They gave me more tasks and taught me legion(predicate) skills. I was always determined to get the tasks and skills (i.e. math and science) set before me. At this point in my life my peers became more momentous in my life because I was learning to work with them in ordain to complete tasks.I have neer much of a follower, nonetheless nurture receptive the door to new social roles therefore, gaining the laudation and askance of my peers and teachers was important. I worked toilsome in all my classes and extracurricular activities to be the outdo by halting the top grades, best batting record, most assists and points, most military volunteer hours, and more. The skills I developed along passim this stage gave me confidence that others saw and appreciated, which showed approval and accept ance. I believe that when a child does not develop the necessary skills undeniable for school, home, and other cultural task that it tidy sum lead to the child developing a sense of inferiority because their acceptance is establish on competent performance.Eriksons ordinal stage is the conflict identicalness versus identity operator operator confusedness. Stage fin typically starts at age 12 and continues to age 18. At this stage, adolescents are striving to find their identity and place in the world that will lead them into young adulthood. At some point in this stage I was struggling to find out what to with my life and remember asking myself this question, Who Am I? I wanted to separated myself asunder from my parents and siblings, so I made a informed search for identity and found things I enjoyed (i.e., school, softball, basketball, tutoring) an excelled. At the end of my high school calling I had spy my cultural, communal, and personal identity as a member of societ y identity and was coif to face the new challenges of college.My childhood friend, Amelia struggled during this stage with identity development by gender. In her parents eyes, she was a missy and should bearing as much(prenominal), therefore sports and other male cogitate activities where frown upon within her home. It was not until Amelia reached the age of sixteen that she made a conscious decision to make her own choices, in spite of her parents viewpoints. Woolfolk, (1987), notes that if adolescents are unable to make conscious choices and decisions, in particular as it pertains to their career and sexual orientation, and then their role confusion becomes a threat. supremacy at this stage is dependent upon the childs resolution of conflicts in anterior stages. If past multiplication experiences are integrated and past conflicts indomitable, there will be a strong ego identity. Conversely, identity confusion will arise if the ego is weak.Stage six is the beginning of the developmental period of young adulthood. This is a period when most of us finish college, find a career, and create a family of our own. During this time most of us are changing cognitively, physically, and socio randyly. In this stage the conflict is intimacy versus isolation. harmonise to Eriksons stages of development, I am in this stage. During this stage one any gets touch on in an intimate relationship or retreat into isolation. In the initial stage of cosmos an adult individuals seek one or more companions and love. As individuals drive to find mutually satisfying relationships, in the first place through marriage and friendships, they generally likewise begin to start a career and family, as have I.An slip of my victor in this stage is my giving and share within my marriage and friendships without feelings of obligation or asking for anything in return. The age in the stage has been pushed back to the mid thirty-something because today many couples wait unt il then to start families. My belief is that if a person has not resolved the conflict of identity in stage five, that they will headache a committed relationship, thus make them to retreat into isolation. Lastly, when throng have encumbrance creating lasting and satisfying relationships, they may discriminate and distance themselves from others due to feeling of inferiority.Stage seven of Eriksons psychosocial theory begins around age 40 and continues through age 65, with the conflict generativity versus stagnation. Generativity, refers to an adults competence to care for another human being ( in the buffman & Newman, 1991). A personal example is my older sister Deloris, who had settled into a stable career, marriage, church, family, and other numerous responsibilities. Our mother was diagnosed with Alzehemiers Disease (AD) during this stage and because Deloris was the pressing and oldest, she was expected to give of herself by adding the province of caring for our m other. The responsibilities were overwhelming, but she overcame because of her willingness to be elastic and adaptable, which allowed her to rely on her environment and family to process her deal. If Deloris had remained inflexible and enabled the responsibilities to overwhelm she would have become stagnate. The debilitating state of our mothers AD forced my sister to be flexible, by reducing church activities, supernumerary work duties and ultimately changing the way she dealt with her world.Integrity versus despair is the eighth psychosocial stage of development. The developmental period for this stage is age 65 to death. This stage occurs when many of our parents are up in age and must come to monetary value with the approach of death. At this period in my parents life, both where retired and had time to analyze what they had fulfill and accumu latelyd end-to-end life. They had come to accept their entire life with a positive outlook and even decided how their country woul d be divided up amongst 21 children, thus leaving them with a sense to integrity. According to Newman and Newman, (1991) if my parents had been unable to accept responsibility for their lifes outcome and resolve conflict in earlier stages, they may have experienced despair and regret. Sadly, many older adults feel as if their life was filled with disappointment and failure, thus do it hard for them to handle life and the hazard of death at this stage.Despair versus look forward to and faith is the final stage of Eriksons psychosocial theory. The developmental period for this stage is late 80s and beyond. During this stage person are confront with a new sense of self over failing bodies and need for care. The lucky outcome of this stage is to achieve a new sense of wisdom and superiority (Vander Zanden et al., 2006).Comparison of Erikson and Kohlberg TheoriesEriksons psychosocial theory holds that developmentproceeds throughout nine developmental stages that are identify by a specific conflict. Kohlbergs incorrupt development theory holds that honourable logical thinking has six developmental stages with three distinctive levels. Erikson and Kohlberg theories each focus on a particular facet of maturation, such as social, incorrupt, and psychosocial. It has been stated that psychosocial development and example reasoning are influenced by factors such as socialization and gender identity. When a person is born they are determine by their gender as either a boy or a girl. It is my belief that the title of boy and girl or man and woman influence how children respond to psychosocial developmental challenges and resolve honourable dilemmas. These titles provide a structure around which role and behavioral expectations formed.Brief summary of Kohlbergs Model of chaste DevelopmentWhen tidy sum talk about moral development, they are referring to conduct and attitude towards other people in society. They look to see if social norms, receives, and law s are being followed. In terms of children, it is their ability to distinguish right from wrong. Moral development, embraces pro-social behaviors, such as philanthropy and emotional development.Kohlberg stressed that moral development is base primarily on moral reasoning and unfolds in stages. On the basis of his research, Kohlberg set six stages of moral reasoning sort out into three major levels (preconventional morality, conventional morality, postconventional morality). to each one developmental level represented a fundamental shift in the social-moral placement of the individual. As a child and now adult, I have at one point and time, fallen within each level and stage. My parents always stressed honesty, trust, and respect. They overly give consequences when I was disobedient to the rules. In order to avoid punishment I obeyed the rules.During church and school, I behaved properly by obeying the teachers, completing assignments on-time, returning lost items (i.e., pencil s, fans, and money), and repenting when require in order to gain approval from my peers, teachers, pastor, and administrators. At other times, in my life, I have been concerned with my rights as a citizen, student, mother, and wife, while at other times I have been guided in all by my conscience. My conscience always gets the best of me no matter the circumstance. When I was five years old, my brother Rico took glaze over from my fathers private hive up and shared it with me. I knew it was wrong, but I wanted the brookdy so I keep my mouth closed. I concept I could just put it merchantman and move on, but I had a sense of wrong come over me and I could not sleep until I told my father the truth. Once, the truth was revealed I was freed and matte up good within.My view of moral development aligns with Kohlbergs theory of moral development which was actually based on Piagets cognitive theory. He believed young childrens cognitive thinking develops along with their moral de velopment. Young children are ego center and their moral judgment is based on their own perspectives, not others and they follow rule because they are afr encourage oneself of punishment. As children grow they understand values, rules, and their obedience is not out of fear, yet is based on their moral development.ReflectionAccording to Eriksons nine stages of development, I am in the sixth stage with conflict intimacy versus isolation. Eriksons psychosocial development theory aligns with many of my viewpoints. His theory stresses that children are curious, sprightly explorers who are adaptive, impacted by social and cultural influences, and rational. The theory emphasizes that individuals continue to develop and change throughout their lives, and that personality is not solely shaped during early childhood. The theories modeling is a tool that can aid individuals in understanding self-awareness and self-improvement. Eriksons stages of development enabled me to better understand the connections between my behavior and personal experiences. As a parent, it has opened my eyes to how I can help rather than hinder my daughters development into mature, well-rounded, and emotionally stable individual.Lastly, each stage has a vital conflict that the child, adolescent, and adult can resolve positively or negatively. The nature of the resolution depends in the main on relations and associations with others, although the individuals choices also play a key role. The conflicts and resolution of conflicts within each stage gave me hope that people can obtain personal growth and change. Resolving the conflicts within each stage allows for progress and coming(prenominal) success by building upon the intimacy gained within the preceding stage(s). Conversely, I believe that not all is misplaced if an individual has an unconstructive and depressing occurrence within a particular stage and conflict. As people live they learn therefore, lessons can recur and be effect ively resolved when identified, acknowledged and received.ReferencesHamachek, D. E. (1998). Evaluating self-concept and ego development within eriksons psychosocial framework A formulation. daybook of Counseling and Development, 66(8), 354-360.Newman, B., & Newman, P. (1991) Development through life A psychosocial approach (5thed.) Palisades, CA Brooks-Cole.Vander Zanden, J. W., Crandell, T. L., & Crandell, C. H. (2006). Human development (8th ed.).New York McGraw-Hill.Woolfolk, A. E. (1987). Educational Psychology (3rd ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall.