Thursday, February 28, 2019
Energy drink lab Essay
Questions1. When we say that something gives us slide fastener, what does that mean? What is a biological explanation of life force? When we say that something gives us aptitude it means that, that crisp gave us power to get up and do things. It energizes us so we female genitalia accomplish something. The biological definition of life force is the strength and vitality required for sustained physical or mental activity. 2. What is the physiological division of each of the molecules in your table? The role of each of the molecules in my table is to1. Which ingredients provide energy? How do they do that?Caffeine, sugars and many more provide energy by stimulating the profound nervous system giving the body a sense of alertness. It eject raise heart rate and blood pressure while dehydrating the body. 2. Which ingredients throw to body repair, I.e., which help build or rebuild muscle tissue paper? Glucose (sugar) to provide energy quickly to the muscles. Be get to sugar is s hort-lasting, the resulting energy burst is also short-lasting. Ingredients with protein repairs, and Folic sexually transmitted disease, since it helps with DNA synthesis which makes protein.In our case the amino acid root word help build muscle tissue in the drink Nos. 3. In what ways might the wizard that does non have a metabolic energy source provide the perception of development energy later on consumption? The main purpose of an energy drink is to emergence temper and physical performance. With the consumption of caffein the person will increase performance. 4. How argon the ingredients in these drinks helpful to someone expending a lot energy a runner? I believe the ingredients in these drinks atomic number 18 non helpful to someone expending a lot of energy be wee its not healthy and the energy thats given off these energy drinks do not last long. Therefore its unreasonable to drink energy drink when you can drink water and maybe Gatorade or Powerade. 5. Does your analysis substantiate the claim that this is an energy drink? If so, what molecules atomic number 18 the sources of energy? 6. Yes the claim substantiate that Nos is an energy drink. The sources of energy in are carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, world burned in the presence of oxygen. But the chemical reactions required to fine-tune this energy do require water.7. Could you drink serve variedpurposes for different consumers? Explain. Nos energy drink could be used to provide energy to those who run away sports and need the energy, those who need the energy because of lack of sleep, or those who simply make out the taste of it. 7. What is the normal physiological response to increased intake of sugars? To increased intake of caffeine? The glucose levels in the blood increase and cause and increase in insulin harvestion with and increased amount of sugar intake. With an increase of caffeine intake the heart rate increases and cause anxiety, insomnia, and the blood vessels to expand. 8. Is in that respect such(prenominal) a thing as sugar high?Explain your answer. No, there is no such thing as sugar high. some community believe sugar makes stack hyper scarce that is a myth. It is because some people are low sugar tolerant and some have a higher toleration for sugar. 9. Evaluate, in terms of basic physiology and biochemistry, the statement A lack of sleep causes a lack of energy. Sleeping is essential for everyone and we at least need 6 hours of sleep a day to let our body rest after it has been active for many hours. One lacks energy because your body and brain did not have enough time to render up again so therefore one feels tired.10. Are the product claims legitimate? Why?No, they are off because the amount of caffeine listed is very much lower then what it actually has 11. Should you simply buy a can of coke rather than one of these energy drinks? Why/ why not? Yes, but then again no because coke products are right about what the drink h as in so therefore you know what you are consuming and how much but then again it can understood affect your health. Coke is a better then Nos but not the healthiest choice.AssessmentClaimsEnhances mental focusHigh performanceFuels gamersNatural caffeinePeople should really think about the things they put in their bodies. Many are not aware of the risks that one put themselves in because of the products they consume. skill drinks are an example of beverages that manypeople drink but not everyone knows the risks. A lot of young adolescents enjoy drinking these type of beverages. vigour drinks have high caffeine but the product does not predicate you of how much caffeine one is actually consuming. High levels of caffeine cause the heart rate to increase and it could cause death if people are not elaborated.The claims say that it enhances the mental focus however the drink cause anxiety problems and insomnia. The high levels of caffeine cause these side effects and increase the co nsumers heart rate. The claims also state that it is high performance, which is partially true. The caffeine makes one feel wide awake and have more energy but deep down their body is forcefully being told to act that way. The Nos pushing drink tries to catch the eye of adolescents by the logos on the drinks such as Nos fuels gamers. The drink states that it has natural caffeine and even though it may be natural, it has 260 mg of caffeine. A girl in Missouri drank 2 Nos drinks and passed out which caused her to be hospitalized according to EnergyFiend.com. This is why consumers need to be careful when buying these types of beverages because they could end up hospitalized or possibly dead. It clear states on the can that it is only recommended for adults, but yet anyone is allowed to buy not division what age they are which is unbelievable.Sources of EnergyAmino AcidsStimulants & VitaminsOther-Please CategorizeCaffeinecitric AcidAcesulfame PotassiumFructoseGlucoseGlucuronolactoneIn isotolPyridoxine HCLSucraloseSucroseAspartame(Carnitine)1-Glutamine(B12)(B6)(Taurine)(Guarana)CyanocobalaminFolic AcidNiacinNiacinamidePantothenic Acid(Potassium Sorbate)- Salt of sorbic acidWater
When Brothers Share a Wife
Polyandry is a form of polygamy whereby a woman has several husbands. In Tibet those husbands are a lot brothers, which is why it is most commonly called Fraternal Polyandry. The eldest brother is normally dominant in terms of authority, that is, in managing the household, notwithstanding all the brothers share the work and participate as sexual partners.Goldsteins phrase focuses on the overlap between the domestic group, defined as those individuals that rest in a single household together, and the kin group, or muckle who view themselves as relatives, indoors a certain Tibetan golf club near Limi, Nepal. According to the member, the idea of polygyny the taking of more than one married woman by a single man is practiced by cognate brothers for primarily economic reasons in addition to reasons of tradition. Because of the time requirement of the subsistence economy, a man setting up a monogamous household would feel it difficult if not impossible to farm, manage the anim als, and care to his husband duties.The article concludes by discussing the decline of polyandrous marriages, and even goes so far as to describe that the practice may be completely gone within a single generations time. Discussion Item The article makes me curious how often persons from a more industrialized region paying visit to a tribal or otherwise remote region and exposed to loving elements different from that which is typically seen in their own culture judge the community whom they are visiting, or conclude that their practices are uncivilized, barbaric or disgusting without stopping and taking the time to think critically to the highest degree the economic, political and social reasons behind the practice, as well as the ramifications of changing.
Wednesday, February 27, 2019
Jc Penny Essay
This is non the first succession that this association has been face with adversity. The first time was in the 1960s when shopping went from downtown locations to to a greater extent uptown locations in malls. The beau monde transiti nonpareild to mall locations to cope with the pitch. This time the change did non come easy to the company. In fact this change has address the company millions. This time JC Penneys was faced with a challenge that they precious to change. They cherished to transition the publics perception of them. They no eternal wanted to be viewed as an old fashi peerlessd department workshop. The company no age languish wanted sales or clearance racks.They wanted to change the whole retail climate. They called it fair and square pricing (Baskin, 2013). This came impinge on a lot deal Wal-Marts always humiliated scathes campaign. This sounds akin a great idea to me. However, it failed for many reasons. The main reason because it was enigmatical to consumers. While the other main reason being poor trade. umteen people sat in anticipation of this new campaign by JCPenneys. There were just as many supporters in the beginning as well. When I heard of this I thought of an upscale Wal-Mart. Low prices I do not eat up to shop for sales anymore because these should be low prices all(prenominal) day.However, very shortly after this I shew myself not shopping thither at all. Consumers want a deal, and they do not feel that deal when they shop in that respect anymore. It is the haste of the retrace for consumers. non lone(prenominal) that but the sales ad and clearance racks utilise to change. They are no longer changing prices so there is no film to go daily, weekly, or even monthly. Customers whitethorn check there as a way to show case, but they are not buying. With tabu the sales and without the sale advertisements the company is not solveing in just virtually the amount of people that were coming into the blood to score the best deal. near the advertisements they are sending out are interchangeed poorly. They are no longer doing sales but they do mail out what they called month long value. Customers did not understand the wording of it. It was never broken down for them. ideally they had sales, but they were not called the standard name. Therefore, customers missed out on them and they were not bringing in the clientele like a sale plausibly would take in. They were not able to embrace JC Penneys new tactic. Another occupation with this campaign is that the average consumer does not know what the clothing costs. Therefore they sound off it should be or could be marked down.They swallow no idea if they were getting a good deal or not. Again the thrill of the hunt is gone, and withal makes the customers confused. It was confusing to customers and that means there is a puzzle in food marketing. When a place makes changes that could potentially be confusing marketing is the key. However, there advertisements were so irreverent that they made even less smell to begin with. They came up with a campaign after their numbers dropped called do the math. It was supposed to show how much easier it is to just get a low price in the beginning rather than use a coupon. This follow out failed for the company.The CEO Ron Johnson came out and reported later that it was confusing to some of their consumers (Baskin, 2013). Its no wonder that they lost customers. They did not target other competitors round their prices just what the company was trying to do. Last but not to the lowest degree they attempted to extend little stores inside their stores. It was a Martha Stewart collection like IKEA. Even that failed because Martha Stewart was not able to put her name on it, because she was so far in litigation over her brand. So, it was still branded as JC Penneys. Not that the name would have made much difference, but it was not soundly hought out within the company. Also, thi s is not a new tactic stores have been doing this for days. The renovation of the stores to add in this small store was expensive. It has cost the company millions of dollars. It has depleted their cash, and has in like manner caused their credit rating to drop (Baskin, 2013). This was a costly decision to make when sales were already down. Here is the largest problem that they had they wanted become a high end store in a low end economy. If I were the CEO of JC Penney I would make rather a few changes. My first change would have been to go cover to conventional wording for now.These are the words that customers are the most well-known(prenominal) with. I understand that some companies like to do all their changes at at one time because it is cheaper. However, when you are changing familiar terms it is wise to do it slowly. Or at least explain it as thoroughly as possible. Change is needed as a society, but no one likes change, because of this I feel that they should be done slowly and over a period of time. I would also have changed the price tags on their merchandise. In order to make someone feel like they are getting a deal I would change how they were priced.I would put a suggested retail price and then put our price on the label. This would count to customers that they were getting a deal. Sales are because the prices are higher than what they need to be. The advertising is all about trickery to pull people in. In reality they were still doing sales but they were not called sales, and people did not buy into it. By changing the price tags on the items the customers are still getting the thrill of the buy. They can see what their item is going for at their competitors location, and impulse buy. This helps eliminate showroom shopping.Or loss to check their prices somewhere else. If it is a matter of a few dollars they exit not go back to purchase. However, if they can see the deal they allow for buy. rather of focusing on expanding a worry insi de of an already expanding business I would have spent the money elsewhere. Imagine if they could have established new rules for buyers. Gone back to JC Penneys original grow and prove their claims. It could have required new financing and lay- by policies that communicated value, and used social media to create meaningful communities of consumers who wanted to track and participate in communions about prices.Employees could have been recruited and trained to offer a fundamentally new customer induce based on integrity. They could have changed the way Americans shop and feel they should stop. I would not have wasted money on an advertisement that was bewildering. I would have spent money marketing on calling competitors out on their prices. Sharing the news on how Penneys was changing. How they were forward looking. Instead of making confusing ads with no sales just to avoid the word sale I wouldnt have tried to stay away from it.Since they were still doing sales but not doing s ales on veritable items. Limiting the sales options were not the problem the problem was using strange wording. Measuring some of these techniques could be hard to do. Going back to traditional wording would be one way that is hard to track. However, I consider it would go hand in hand with how you would track the new price tags. That would be sales. With these new changes and advertisements I would think that sales would increase. I would not look at the actual accounting book but do a twelve month comparison on the sales on distributively individual store.This is time consuming and costly but I think it is the only way to see how each store is doing in comparison to how they were doing the previous month and year. During high sale times I would make sure I would have as much rung as possible on the floor to assist our customers. maybe they do not need help but a casual conversation can lead into why they came into this department store and not the one across the way. Along wi th this I would like to institute team meetings once a week where department heads meet with their front line employees on all shifts. To find out their ideas and where they are hearing concerns are.Then I would have them write them up and do a teleconference with each store head to hear these ideas, questions, or concerns. I feel this is an open door policy. I would also include suggestion boxes not only in the store, but in the break room for employees so they could bring these up anonymously if they felt the need to. Also, I would work on getting the contact information to employees for everyone in charge. Change can find and many great ideas come from the front line, because they see and do it every day. However, their voices are not often heard.To measure the effectiveness of advertising I would do a few things. I would add a mountain at the end of their receipt to figure out what they thought about the advertisement. I would also add a quick questionnaire in the store that t he customer could fill out. I would also make it known that there is a number they can call at any time with questions. I would make it so that they could be heard with questions and concerns. Before I launched a campaign I would have a test market so that we could see what people could recall from the add, as well as find out if there was any confusion on what may have been advertised.The sales would play a large part also in whether it was an effective campaign. A company that has been operating for 100 days is struggling. JC Penney s was once a fashion icon to children, young adults, and teens. commencement ceremony in 1913 it currently operates over 1000 stores. Growing up my baby and I waited to go through their catalogue. However, in the last few years something has changed. The company didnt look far enough ahead to the in store(predicate) to predict these changes. They tried to become a higher end dress shop like store in an economy that could not support it. pitiful mark eting and too many changes has made this one booming store one of the top ten stores that are predicted to be out of business in the next year. Works Cited Baskin, J. (2013, January 2). Lessons From JC Penneys Doomed Marketing Makeover. Retrieved May 12, 2013 , from Forbes http//www. forbes. com/sites/jonathansalembaskin/2013/01/02/lessons-from-j-c-penneys-doomed-marketing-makeover/ Tuttle, B. (2012, June 19). More Troubles for JCPenney Top Executive Departs Amid Sales Slump. Retrieved May 12, 2013, from Time powder magazine http//business. time. com/2012/06/19/more-troubles-for-jcpenney-top-executive-departs-amid-sales-slump/
Personal Ethics Statement Essay
My personal ethical motive teaching includes my values and ideals important to me as an academic and in everyday life. My ethics are personal beliefs and morals that reflect and define the person I am. The decisions and choices I touch on every day should be consistent with wholeness and respect toward others. These ethics allow ensure my happiness and peace if I keep and hold these values. I rely the value of equality for raft regardless of race, religion, and handicaps ensure that all peck can be inured fairly.Treating multitude with respect and dignity while holding myself accountable to these principles go away ensure that I treat others as I want to be treated. My preferred ethical lens is the reputation lens. I listen to my suspicion and determine what fictional character traits and virtues will best military service the community. The equality of a community is important to ensure a fair and balanced participation for all. All flock should contribute and develop a voice in a community by actively participating and finding normal ground thru diversity.I believe in examining each situation in its own context rather than applying same solutions for the whole community. My blind take possessing unrealistic role expectations either on myself or others means that I need to pay close attention to my expectations of other individuals. My expectations may non be the same as others, so not forgetting the people capture mistakes same as me. belongings in mind that I am not in control of every situation and that other people are capable of resolving problems or events that I may believe are only accomplishable by me.Trusting other peoples choices and decisions will inspection and repair in overcoming this blind spot. My strengths include endurance and steadiness in the face of obstacles. I avoid rash decisions and at the same time have courage to face unknown or untested waters. I value friendship and keep close connections with people I trust and value. I appreciate those who work alongside and benefactor to encourage me. I value equality and demonstrate compassion for others in need. My weakness include entitlement, hardness of heart, and confusion.Believing that I am empower to special privileges and persuade others that my role gives me pecial rights are inconsistent with good character traits. Hardness of heart comes from experiences of people that did not live up to my expectations. I must develop and practice mindfulness not to be garbled on the role that I am identified. Identifying my weakness is important, it allows for self-reflection and purifyment. The values I hold, and the resultant behavior allows me to listen to my intuition and determine what traits and virtues will serve the community. My values define me and my behaviors are a reflection of whom I am.My behaviors similarly affect others in relationships either casual or professional. The choices I make are behaviors and reflect me. My personal eth ics determine my course of pull through allowing me to see more clearly and finding balance in my life. Exploring and delve deep into my own emotions will allow me to discern decisions I make. Keeping an open and honest heart in all situations and reexamining my ethics will allow for improvement and correction. I believe that all these things will help keep me focused and grounded to help with better decision making and improve my quality of life.
Tuesday, February 26, 2019
Marriage vs Civil Unions Essay
Gay sum is a controversial and often heated topic in Ameri rouse society and often so elsewhere throughout the world. Homo arouseual behavior is non new. Homosexual behavior and the queer life style have been around throughout recorded history, certainly for thousands of years, in fact, was accessiblely cond adeptd in some societies. In superannuated armies, it was often genuine because a man was more than apt to fight for a raw sienna than for a casual acquaintance.For example, unlike todays military, in Ancient Greece, transvestic relationships surrounded by soldiers were run intoed as a means to intensify the armed combat spirit of the soldiers and strengthen the bond amongst them. (Burg et al. , 2002) Only recently did interrupticipation in issues of sexual orientation move from the realm of the social sciences into other(a)wise(a) areas of science. Freud believed that in that location was some degree of bisexuality in both adult male (Bell and Weinberg, 1978).He and other psychologists of his time believed that transgenderity could be explained by the experiences a person had while growing up, thus focusing on surroundingsal explanations for human behavior. Psychologists once pursued the playing area of transsexual(prenominal)ity in an move to present that it was an abnormal behavior, nevertheless such studies have now direct researchers to conclude that homophile(prenominal)ity is somehow linked to the undivided experiences and environment a person has while growing up. slice this whitethorn be the ecumenical fit of homoeroticity in psychology, my experiences with homophile(prenominal)s are non consistent with this view.The a few(prenominal) individuals Ive known who were transsexual(prenominal) coexisted in the same environment as everyone around them, tho their homosexual tendencies were obvious throughout their lives. Today we soak up that if environment tactical manoeuvres a role in homosexual tendencies , environment is not the entire explanation. Now we know that ancestrals and biology also play a role. No matter what biologic and hereditary studies show, on that point can be little doubt that opponents of frolicsome espousal and the e at that placeal lifestyle will totally accept that the brisk marriage is some human body of sickness or perverted behavior. duration homosexual behavior is patently out of the norm, on that point is no scientific research or designate to suggest that is it either perverted or abnormal. Despite what opponents great power claim, our view of homosexuals and our denying them the right to marry is no more than a form of favouritismirrational, illegal, stooped and illogical. Regardless as to how a person views same sex marriage, in that respect is no rational or logical reason to veto it or to discriminate against it except for person-to-person gustatory sensation/choice. Genetic Studies, biota and EnvironmentIt is important to conside r the biology and genetics behind homosexual behavior. If people aver that homosexual behavior is a matter of personal choice when evidence exists to demonstrate genetic and biologic factors are multiform, their wardrobe shows and irrational bias against homosexuals based on prejudice and discrimination. Today, intimately researchers view that a persons sexual orientation is dictated by a combination of environmental, biological and mental factors. Recent studies suggest that two biology and genetics play a role in homosexual behavior.Studies suggest that a genetic factor passed from produce to son mogul contribute to homosexuality in men and that male homosexuality might have a very different genetic learn from effeminate homosexuality. (Pattatucci et al, 1995, Bailey et al. , 2000) Studies of homosexuality in families and between twins suggest that male and young-bearing(prenominal) sexual orientation may not have the same genetic influences. (Bailey et al. , 2000) Ani mal studies reveal that sexual orientation can be influenced by altering the hypothalamus. (Cherry & Baum, 1990),Much of the available genetic data on homosexual behavior suggests that biological and genetic factors are involved. Some studies have focussed on X chromosome since males have an XY chromosome and females have an XX chromosome. One study concluded that the gene that influences homosexual behavior is carried by the mother. Heterosexual females come on to pass the Xq28 gene sequence on the X chromosome to their sons. (see below, Hamer et al, 1993) This study concentrate on homosexual males, and thus, their findings may not be a reproach on homosexual females.When the results of genetics studies are taken together, the most sane conclusion is that genetics can account for at least 50 percent of a persons sexual orientation. In general, genetic studies of homosexuality demonstrate that homosexual behavior and the homosexual condition is a result of genes. When male homos exuals were studied, the data of one study demonstrated that most of the homosexual men arose from a genetic factor that was passed down from mother to son. (Hamer et al, 1993) Dean Hamer of the National Cancer Institute in Washington, D.C. discovered that homosexual brothers are more than heterosexual brothers to inherit the same genetic sequence, referred to as Xq28, on a region of the X chromosome. This suggests that genetics are involved in homosexual behavior although only a region on a gene, not a specific gene, has been identified. The degree of gene influence is unclear. Studies of twins and also of the adoptive brothers of homosexual men reveal a relationship between genetics and homosexual behavior.(Bailey and Pillard, 1991) Thus, the evidence suggests that genetics and biology rather than environment or personal choice gives rise to homosexual behavior and the homosexual condition. Other studies have demonstrated anatomical differences between components of the brain stru ctures of heterosexual and homosexual males. (LeVay, 1991) These are important considerations when we begin to arrive at the legal questions surrounding homosexual behavior.Thus, discriminating against jovial individuals is dear as irrational, irresponsible and illegal (or should be just as illegal) as discriminating against an individual on the basis of the color of his or her skin. Furthermore, it should be easier to decide the legality of mistreating people on the basis of the sexual preference than on the basis of their religious preference since religious preference is a matter of personal choice rather than genes. Why, then, is it illegal to discriminate against an individual on the basis of their religion while the legal issues surrounding homosexual behavior are often viewed as unclear?While on that point may be compelling reasons to favor heterosexual junctures over gay marriages, there is actually no unbiased reason to forbid gay marriages. In fact, as yet favoring heterosexual marriages is a form of discrimination quasi(prenominal) to favoring whites over other races. Certainly, the heterosexual situation constitutes the normal or usual interaction between sexes, but considering that biological and genetic studies demonstrate that homosexual situations are dictated by actual biological and genetic factors, there is no rational reason to view such unions as locomote(p) or abnormal.We cannot even say with certainty that they are an constipation as much as a biologically dictated variation, not necessarily even rare, just different. While we can prefer heterosexual marriage over gay marriage as a society, there is no rational reason to deny gay marriage or to restrict homosexual individuals to civilizedized unions while denying them a typical marriage (as will be discussed) other than bias. Although theories exist to suggest that environment contributes to and influences the gay lifestyle, it is not clear how this could be real.For examp le, if biology and genetics contribute to at least 50 percent of gay behavior, why is it that a homosexual male or female raised in the same environment with a heterosexual male or female gives rise to one homosexual individual and one or more ( chiefly a host) of heterosexual individuals? If the environment helped to cause the homosexual behavior, why arent there more homosexuals in that environment? To my knowledge, this question has never been addressed or even asked. Likewise with Freuds idea that puerility experiences contribute to homosexual behavior.While no two individuals have the same childhood experiences, in part because everyone responds differently to the same experiences and environment, two individuals treated the same and raised in the same environment does not lead one to conclude that the differences in their behavior is caused by their childhood experiences or their environment. Biological factors, genetics and informal psychological factors moldiness play a sig nificantly more essential role in their behavior than do environment and/or childhood experiences. Marriage vs. Civil UnionNow that we have briefly reviewed the biological and genetic data to suggest that homosexuality is a genetic and biological condition, at least in part, rather than a matter of personal choice, we are more prepared to consider the legal factors involved with this issue. In states where marriage is allowed between same sex couples, the individuals involved are generally placed on an uneven playing field. Even though they may be allowed to join in a legal union, they are curtail to a civil union rather than a legally accept marriage.What is the difference and why is this distinction yet another example of social discrimination? Today, gay couples may unite in civil unions but such unions differ from the marriage dispenseed to heterosexuals in a number of crucial ways. Although a civil union grants many rights that would be denied without it, it fails to grant h undreds of others. Furthermore, marriage is universally recognized everywhere while civil unions are not. Civil unions fail to resolve many financial matters, tax issues, insurance concerns, pension protection, Medicaid and even matters such as filing and filling our forms.another(prenominal) concern arises if those joined in a civil union believe to dissolve their union. They have no means to legally terminate their union unless they live in a state that recognizes it. In fact, at present, only Vermont qualifies for this termination. A Vermont law states that Parties to a civil union shall have all the same benefits, protections and responsibilities under law, whether they derive from statute, administrative or court rule, policy, commonplace law or any other source of civil law, as are granted to spouses in a marriage. One must love why there is a need to make such a statement. If there is no discrimination based on sexual orientation, there certainly is no need for this added point of clarification in the law, so obviously, something is amiss. Much of the controversy about and distinction between marriage and civil union boils down to religious issues. In general, Christians are against gay marriage. Therefore, at some level, the issue also involves religious issues and the separation between church service and state, religion and politics.While gay marriage is an issue that Christians feel goes against the principles of the Bible, other religions use other holy books and, as a result, do not base their opinions on or form their ideas from the Bible. Although the legal view is that there are no substantial differences in the treatment of a marriage and a civil union, each represents a separate legal family unit with significant, sometimes glaring differences that only become of concern when they matter the most. While the U. S.Constitution requires legal equality for all regardless of sexual orientation, among other factors, that legal equality exists largely on paper rather than in fact. Clearly, those individuals forced into civil unions rather than typical marriages are not on even playing ground. Civil Unions are a step forward, but they fall short of universe satisfactory. Our present approach to force gay couples into civil unions rather than true marriage, perhaps, is as unjust as the precedent laws that denied interracial marriage.In order to give gay couples true rights, laws must eliminate the idea of civil unions and allow gay couples to form true marriage so as to give them all of the rights and privileges recognized in marriage. We cannot continue to tolerate civil unions as the satisfactory answer to granting unions between individuals who desire to live as a couple. Just as we moved away from censor interracial marriage, we need to move away from banning gay marriage. We have only emotional and no rational reasons to do otherwise.We have pointed out above that if the biological factors, genetics and internal p sychological factors play any role at all in homosexual behavior, that role must be relatively trivial. Therefore, discriminating against gay individuals in any manner such as by relegating them to civil unions rather than allowing them to unite in true marriage, for example, is nothing more than groundless discrimination and bias just as unjust as denying interracial marriage. We must move away from this and other unfair treatments and practices.Continuing to insist that homosexual behavior arises from environment, childhood experiences or personal choice with that depression but no supporting evidence even though there is clear evidence to the contrary is nothing more than further bias and discrimination against homosexuals. While homosexual behavior is clearly different from the norm, there is no real evidence that it is abnormal any more than being discolor in a society that is 12 percent black and 88 percent white and other means that blacks are abnormal. imperfect logic in the absence of supporting evidence does not justify, prove or support an incorrect conclusion.
ï»Â¿Americaââ¬Ã¢¢s Greatest Fear Essay
The Ebola virus was spy in the late 1970s by the supranational community as the causative agent of major bams of hemorrhagic feverishness in Africas Sudan and Democratic state of the Congo (DRC) and Sudan (Vasilyevich IV, et al. 2005). Immediately, the International scientific teams moved in to deal with these high schoolly virulent epidemics where their findings revealed that the transmission had exp mavinntially ceased however, the team could non reconstruct a considerable data from the survivors of the epidemic. The high death rate of checkup staff resulted to the closure of many medical facilities, thus doing away with major centers for dissemination of infection through the ingestion of untreated needles, syringes and the lack of barrier-nursing techniques. The deadly Ebola virus is killing thousands of innocent mint worldwide, entirely in that respect atomic number 18 steps being taken to balk the virus from spreading. In 1989, Ebola virus was report in the joine d States of the States when it attended in monkeys who were imported into a Reston, Virginia, primate facility outside of Washington, DC.Epidemics in monkeys which occurred in this facility and new(prenominal)s lasted through 1992 (Georges, 1997) and recurred in 1996. Later, epidemiologic studies were conducted in radio link with both epidemics and they successfully traced the virus introductions to one Philippine exporter. However, the studies failed to detect the true(a) cause and source of the virus. Due to political instability, scientists attempts to work in the impertinent areas where the monkeys were seized fall in been too small. Laboratory studies were stimulated in order to avow these introduced virus outbreaks which were realized in 1989 and chimpanzee inbreed in the 1990s in order to improve diagnosis of non benignant primate infections (Fields, et Al 1996). However, it has not been confirmed since the materials that were necessary to definitively confirm the uti lity of these techniques for humans were not provided. later on Ebola hemorrhagic fever was discovered in Africa between 1976 and 1979, it was not seen again until the year 1994. It is believed by scientists that during this beat, possibly it was circulating in its natural reservoir.On the other make, the virus might pick up been causing sporadic human infections that remained undetected because Ebola patients never contaminated medical facilities to produce the savage nosocomial epidemics that brought Ebola virus to medical attention. Between 1981 and 1985, Ebolavirus surveillance was carried out simultaneously with intensified efforts to contain monkey pox (Vasilyevich IV, et al. 2005). This surveillance may lease identified several eludings and estimated the prevalence among the population however, the findings are subject to caveats because of problems with the inclemency of laboratory tests. Serosurveillance in 1995 in any quality suggested that human infections may h ave occurred from time to time. It is believed that the Ebola virus may have initially been transmitted to humans from bats (Renaud AA, et al. 199) Bioinformatics researchers all over the world especially those at Lancaster University in the United Kingdom, have found that there is a concrete circumstantial case that says infection by bats is likely, but renowned scientists havent actually found strong evidence to support this hypothesis.During the period of 19941996, close five independent active sites of Ebola virus transmission were identified Cte dIvoire in 1994 Democratic Republic of the Congo in 1995 (Georges, 1997) and Gabon in 1994, 1995, and 1996 . The initially know Zaire subtype of Ebola virus and the newly discovered Cte dIvoire subtype were both involved in the report, and as in previous Afri offer Ebola virus transmissions, the active sites were within or near tropical forests, for instance along riverine forests. Ebola outbreaks have been reported since its discove ry in late 1970s. The first outbreak happened in 1976 in the Republic of Congo. The disease was spread by close mortalal turn over. there were 318 reported cases and 280 of the bulk died as a result of the virus. Years later in 1995 the Republic of Congo had yet another outbreak. This time 250 of the people infect died. In 2001 in Uganda Ebola appeared out of nowhere. There were 425 reported cases of the virus, 224 of the reported cases finish in death. The biggest outbreak came as of recently, this year. There was a widespread outbreak across West African countries. Over 9,000 reported cases came from this outbreak, 4,800 of the cases resulted in death.There were few people who came in contact with the Ebola virus that were from the United States. The Ebola virus mainly attacks cells of the lymphatic organs, liver, kidney, ovaries, testes, and the cells of the reticuloendothelial system. A trademark of Ebola is liver destruction. The person infect person with the virus loses a big amount of blood. In whatever of the deadly cases shock and acute respiratory disorder is prevalent. Some of the victims can be delirious from the high fevers. Many people die fromthe indomitable shock.Research make on infectious Ebola and Marburg viruses are always done in a maximum biological containment setup popularly known as Biosafety Level 4. Biosafety Level 4 laboratories require extremely narrow down equipment to keep the spread of the pathogens that are investigated in them. Ebola is stable and remains infective at room temperature (20C), but it is mostly destroyed at 60C (Fields, et Al 1996) Its infectivity is also terminated by gamma and ultraviolet radiation radiation, lipid solvents, -propiolactone, and commercial hypochlorite and phenolic disinfectants. Currently there is no FDA-approved vaccinum available for Ebola, it is better for prevalent measures be taken as a way of reducing Ebola infections. There are numerous ways to prevent yourself from Ebola. Practice superintendful hygiene hands should be washed good with soap and clean water or an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. Try as much as you can and keep down contact with blood and frame fluids from uncertain people.Avoid handling items that may have come in contact with an infected persons blood or corpse fluids, such as clothes, bedding, needles, and medical equipment carelessly. Some bats are believed to be reservoirs of Ebola Virus and therefore avoid contact with such bats and other nonhuman primates or raw meat prepared from these animals. Tourists and travelers should avoid facilities in West Africa where Ebola patients are being treated. Healthcare workers who may be handling people infected with Ebola follow certain steps to keep in line that they do not come in contact with the virus. It is recommended for one to wear off appropriate personal fosterive equipment including impermeable gowns, gloves, and masks. Before being allowed to care for infected patients all w orkers moldiness observe proper infection visit and sterilization measures. Patients with Ebola must be isolated from other patients following austere contact and droplet isolation procedures.Members of the heath care team cannot come into contact with blood or body fluids, such as, feces, saliva, urine, vomit, and semen of a person who is infected with Ebola. People who have been infected and survived the Ebola virus can also spread the virus through semen for at least xc days after being declared virus free. The symptoms Ebola are fever, diarrhea, vomiting, inexorable headache, weakness, fatigue, muscle pain, abdominal pain, and unexplained bleeding or bruising. Thesesymptoms are one of the major reasons Ebola is transmitted so easily. These symptoms are often described as flu-like or stomach flu symptoms and are easily overlooked. The Ebola symptoms may appear anywhere from 2 to 21 days after exposure to Ebola, but in most reported cases the average is 8 to 10 days. Ebola is provided transmitted when infected persons are actively showing symptoms. Currently there are only supportive treatments available to facilitate care for Ebola patients.Patients leave behind be given IV fluids to maintain fluid balance as Ebola is known to produce copious amounts of emesis and stool, medications to help maintain and set up blood pressure, antipyretics for fevers, ventilation assistance for help with breathing, and dialysis if the patient does into kidney failure. There are experimental drugs that have been used in the treatment of Ebola. Drugs such as Z-Mapp and Brincidofovir have been used in patients to help beat the Ebola virus. While some patients have been successfully treated with these drugs it is also important to remember that these drugs could have many side effects and a testing has not been undefiled so there are still many questions to the safety and efficacy of their use. Before being approved for use in regular populations these drugs must compl ete clinical trials and be proven safe and effective.Patients who have survived Ebola have antibodies to the virus for about ten years. During this time they can be a vital source of help for others battling the virus. A donation of life providence plasma from a survivor to an infected person will help the person to begin developing antibodies to begin fighting the virus. To receive plasma the patients must have a matching blood type. Thousands of innocent people have died as the result of the deadly virus. Ebola has been around for over four decades and has really come into the main stream media focus. Ebola has not affected the States in the ways that it has ravaged through many of the countries in Africa. To protect our families from this devastating and deadly virus we must practice impeccable hand hygiene and use good sense when travelling especially internationally. fiddle CitedAkinfeyeva LA, Aksyonova OI, Vasilyevich IV, et al. A case of Ebola hemorrhagic fever. Infektsion nye Bolezni (Moscow). 20053(1)8588 Emond RT, Evans B, Bowen ET, et al. A case of Ebola virus infection. BritishMedical daybook. 19772(6086)541-544. Fields, Bernard, ed. Filoviridae Marburg and Ebola Viruses. Fields Virology, Third Edition. Lippincott-Raven juvenile York. 1996. 1161-1176. Georges AJ, Leroy EM, Renaud AA, et al. Ebola hemorrhagic fever outbreaks in Gabon, 1994-1997 epidemiologic and health control issues. Journal of infectious Diseases. 1999179S65-75. Khan AS, Tshioko FK, Heymann DL, et al. The Reemergence of Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1995. Journal of Infectious Diseases. 1999179S76-S86. Le Guenno, Bernard, P. Formenty, and C. Boesch. Ebola Virus Outbreaks in the Ivory Coast and Liberia, 1994-1995. Ibid. Okware SI, Omaswa FG, Zaramba S, et al. An outbreak of Ebola in Uganda. Tropical Medicine and International Health. 20027(12)1068-1075.
Monday, February 25, 2019
Sports Psych Evaluation on” We Are Marshall”
We are marshal We Are Marshall is icon more or less the Marshall University football second group of 1970, who almost all died in a skim off jam access home from an away game. The hardly members of the group that rebrinyed were the scarperers unexpended at home because of injuries, and one pram who drove home because of a recruiting solecism. ordinarily Sports Psychologist could sustain things to work on with any aggroup up but with a tonic groom coming in to rebuild the design who fair suffered an unruly bolshie the issues are heightened by the pain, struggle, and stress to set down for those who could no longer hearten.The Marshall Heard strugg guide with adapting and accepting different leaders, having the penury to win horizontal though they were all mainly freshman playing against teams of broadly speaking juniors and seniors, the freshly and old players working unitedly to subscribe to a commonality goal , sticking together and developing team ropiness and, ceremony the other players. There were so many things this team had to overcome to find the common will to win. Cooperation was a main concept that the Heard had to carry come to the fore in order to have success at anything later on this tragedy.Not only did they have to get their teammates to cooperate with from each one other and the natural coach staff, they also had to get cooperation from the student luggage compartment and the rail table. After the plane crash the school board decided that it will be beat for allone if they suspend the hobby season and give the school time to sorrow and get top to normal. When the remaining players heard about this they decide to call the school together to get the board to allow them to play the following season.They got the student body to chant, We are Marshall, outside of the meeting of the school board when the final decision was macrocosm made to not have a season. With the cooperation of all of their peer s the Heard was allowed to continue on with the season as previously planned. Before we even get in to cooperation with the entire team these a few(prenominal) players remaining had to present a common goal to the student body and organize an event so that they school would allow the team to have a season so they could honor their teammates in the following season.A plumping struggle with this program was having strong lead, and following the leadership. The players who were left had to deal adjusting from being just part of a team to leading a in the raw team of freshman. They had their times when leading was tough for them, Ruffin a player who was left at home because of a shoulder injury stepped up and became the main captain and leader of the team. Ruffin had times where he didnt lead by example and because he felt like the new players did not follow his author teammates he blew up and picked a fight.Later on in the movie Ruffins shoulder injury returns and worsens, he is told that he cannot play the succor half of the game. Although many players would sulk in there injury Ruffin showed his neat colors and his leadership ability when he went out in the mho half and was his teams biggest cheerleader. He did everything he could to help his team out even though he would not benefit from it. Ruffin led his team with pride and he expected the team to play to the better of their ability to honor the players from the previous grade who could no longer play.Also in We Are Marshall the death chair filling in since the true president of the University also died in the plane crash as well, lead the school and had faith in the new coach and the team to turn things gobble up although he was getting criticized for it. He approved hiring a new coach and for the recruiting to start, he got the NCAA to make an exception to the rules stating that freshmen could play so they could have a team. He lead by example and did everything he could to help the football program. When the town and some board members questioned his decisions he s in additiond by them and did what he believed to be the right thing to do.Motivation was very important for this team. The players who remained from the year beforehand were make by their friends, coaches, and teammates they lost. These players felt a sense of duty to these players that they inevitable to play well and get things back together for their teammates who could no longer play. These top(prenominal) classmen and the train staff had a hard time getting this fount of motivation in to the new players. Ruffin and other returners had times where they tried to get the freshmen to understand what they were working towards but the freshmen just didnt have the analogous loyalty and connection to the old team. According to Vlachopoulos, athletes with high intrinsic motivation have better self-appreciation and are more successful in their activities compared with their as such less motivated mates (Bo llok, Takacs, Dobay & Kalmar, 2011)You could see this, because Ruffin had an internal motivation to play to the best of his ability to honor his teammates who died, he had more of a shoot for to do well and he expected everyone else to do their best too. The coaching staff saw this struggle as ell, they could see that the whole team was not motivated to get the job done. Before one game the coaches had the team meet them at the memorial of six players who lost their lives and were too badly deformed after the crash to identify who they were who had been buried together because They are still a team, said Dr. Aldred P. Wallace in an article from The trumpeter swan newspaper after the accident . There he talks to them about what happened and how those players literally gave their lives to do what rest of them were doing.This pep talk stirred up something in the boys and that night they won their very first game. Along with the trip to the cemetery also came group cohesion. When the coaches talked to the team about what happened with the team before them and got the new players to have respect and feel a tie to the players who were no longer alive the group gelled better. at a time the whole team see the passed players and coaches they found a common goal. Watching this film the game after the trip to the cemetery was so different than what had been shown previously.Once this group found their cohesion and common goals they succeeded. The dynamics of this team differed from any other team in the NCAA at the time. At this time it was against NCAA rules to allow freshmen to play. As if being the youngest team competing in the NCAA at the time wasnt enough of a challenge, as previously stated they had some players who had a lot of respect for the former players and those who figured they didnt know them so they didnt really matter. team members and team dynamics have to depend on and support each other to accomplish a shared goal(Chandel 2) without good team dyn amics it makes it a lot harder to get your goal achieved. Obviously every team has differences on it but usually not things that could set them back as bad as these could. Being the youngest team to take the knowledge domain came with all sorts of challenges, lack of experience, smaller players, and less maturity. At the beginning these new kids had little respect for others and what had happened, this caused a divided team.Once the team was all on the same page and they got their differences sorted out they performed well, better than anyone expected. Communication is light upon in any team skylark, but when players have baggage and built up frustration and aggression it is even more important. The remaining players had some held in frustration for a number of different reasons resulting from the plane crash. This came out at random times such as, during practice, in the locker room, and even in the dorm.Not only was communication needed on the field it was needed outside of fo otball. If the remaining players could have better communicated their feelings about the crash with their new teammates and got them to understand what they were going through they may not have had so many problems becoming a team as they did in the beginning. Once the importance of the players of the 1970 team was understood by the freshmen they worked with their upperclassmen better. They had a mutual concord of what needed to be done and why and this helped them succeed.In the movie We Are Marshall a team must overcome the challenges of having a completely new team and coaching staff as well as the challenges a coach and a few players have in dealing with the loss of the rest of the football program. Every sports team has to adjust each year to maybe a few coaching changes or new freshmen coming in but to have to rebuild an entire new program is completely different. The Heard of Marshall faces issues anywhere from team cohesion to leadership changes. New players have to step up to help the new coach out and the coaches have to try everything they can think of just to funding the team from killing each other.This movie is one of the greatest stories of a team overcoming adversity and coming together. ASHVIN M. CHANDEL Role of Group Dynamics in Team Sports, Indian Streams Research Journal (June 2012) Bollok, S. , Takacs, J. , Dobay, B. , & Kalmar, Z. (2011). External and internal sport motivations of young adults. Biomedical Human Kinetics, 3(1), 102. Retrieved from http//versita. metapress. com/content/J27L830PG4223742 Withers, B. (1970, November 16). The crash. The Herald- Dispatch. Retrieved from http//media. herald-dispatch. com/mucrash/index. php? p=1_61
Johannes Vermeerââ¬Ã¢¢s ââ¬Ã…Woman Holding a Balanceââ¬Ã‚ Essay
The nationalgalleryof finesse.gov website features an artist by the name of Johannes Vermeer. Johannes Vermeers Woman Holding a Balance expose consists of that single art forgather, which was created in 1664 with oil on canvas. This objectiveistic piece of art shows a cleaning woman property a proportionateness, seemingly bemused in her views. In the background is a pic of The Last savvy. Vermeer made it hard to perceive what the woman may be balancing, whether it is the fortunate chains and the strings of pearls that argon lying on the table in front of her, or if its her thoughts that she is trying to balance out. That idea is up to the audience to decipher and debate.Looking at the basic characteristics determines the artists style. Vermeer distinctly places background lines that fade into the vanishing which happens to be the womans finger, which helps in balancing the painting. In another attempt to balance the painting, Vermeer placed the balance point precisely in the middle of the painting. He also makes the woman a positive shape, meaning she is at the for-front of the painting, while the study of art and jewelry are perceived as negative shapes, meaning they are in the background. Vermeer also uses light to enhance this painting. The light seems to aggrandize the woman, making her the focal point of this work. He uses distinguishable types of paints to create wool wish well texture of the womans orange dress.He belowstood the concepts of different colors for example, using the lighter color orange dress under the dark blue shawl, gave him a chance to lighten the painting. The size of the painting behind the woman suggests that the woman is small, actually making every topic in the work smaller than it. Implied motion is shown in the painting also, by the woman holding the balance, in the process of waiting for it to reach equality. By combining these characteristics, maven can determine the style Johannes Vermeer uses in this painting. R ealism is the style of this work. Because everything in this painting could have really happened in his time of the seventeenth century, concludes the particular that the style is realism.In this work of art, I see a meaning(a) woman holding a balance contemplating something. I can be certain she is holding a balance, but it is what she is balancing could be up for debate. I think she is balancing her thoughts round the future of being a new mom vs. just a wife, or maybe the thought her religion and what is to come of it. The painting of The Last Judgment inquires this thought process. These symbols that Vermeer uses military service to support the message being conceived as the balancing of life-what religion holds for her, and what the real world holds for her.Vermeers biography explains that he grew up, settled, and died in Delft. He was embossed as a Protestant, but before marrying he converted to Catholicism. In the 1600s religion was a tough part of life, which supports t he logic about the symbolism, and their meaning of the painting. His culture is relayed in the painting, by the c get byhing the woman is wearing, and the arte fact she is holding. His style seemed to be realistic historical or realistic religious. This fact is also supports the idea of this painting being about religion.The art of the 17th century was Baroque which communicated religious themes. The Catholic Church was a big influence at this time, and seemed to encourage art relating to religion. I found that arcsecond details in a painting can help genius understand it better. The biography of the artist can help a lot also. When looking at a piece of art , one has to literally pick it apart, and then look at it all together because the smallest thing could change the meaning being portrayed. The most important information I embarked on was everyone has a different opinion of what a painting is implying, and no one is wrong.Works CitedJohannes Vermeer, Woman Holding a Balance, c. 1664, National aim of Art, Widener Collection
Sunday, February 24, 2019
Journal Article Critique of ââ¬Ã‹an Empirical Analysis of Trends in Psychologyââ¬Ã¢¢ Essay
I.Research Question or ProblemThe diary oblige question is draw inly stated. The question asks whether the behaviourist, the psychoanalytic, the cognitive, or the neuroscientific position is most intellectually significant and most prominent in psychology today (Robins, Goling, & Craik, 1999, p. 117).II. inletThe introduction presents differing contentions regarding which school of psychology is most prominent. Five references moderate been cited in the introduction. It is believed by some that the cognitive placement reigns over psychoanalysis and behaviorism (Baars, 1986 Gardner, 1985 Hunt, 1993 Sperry, 1988, as cited in Robins, Gosling, & Craik, 1999, p. 117). An opposing conviction, however, states that this belief is merely a commission of cognitive psychologists opinion of their own field sort of than an accurate financial statement based on facts (Friman, Allen, Kerwin, & Larzelere, 1993, p. 662, as cited in Robins, Gosling, & Craik, 1999, p. 117).Furthermore, it i s argued that the belief in a cognitive perspective revolution is simply a method for scientists to exempt their practice (Leahey, 1991, p.362, as cited in Robins, Gosling, & Craik, 1999, p. 117). Other theories have indicated, without empirical depict however, that behaviourism continues to flourish despite the loss of mentor B.F Skinner (Salzinger, 1994, p. 816 p. 461, as cited in Robins, Gosling, & Craik, 1999, p. 117). Lastly, it is contented by some that the neuroscientific perspective continues to prosper (Churchland, 1998, as cited in Robins, Gosling, & Craik, 1999, p. 117), and that the entire field of psychology will eventually induce a subfield of neuro comprehension (Bechtel, 1988, as cited in Robins, Gosling, & Craik, 1999, p. 117).III.MethodsThe authors employed three poweres to conduct their issue the subject-matter index of psychologys Flagship publications, the subject-matter index of psychology dissertations and the citation index of Flagship publications. For the psychologys Flagship publications, authors selected some(prenominal) word stems in a database called psychINFO, including psychoanal, cognit, neurosci, strengthen, and conditioning. At that time, they calculated the percentage of denominations published in the Flagship publications surrounded by 1950 to 1997 and charted their findings over time (Robins, Gosling, & Craik, 1999, p. 118). For the psychology dissertations, authors once again employed psychINFO, this time, to try out the motifs presented in doctoral dissertations between 1967 to 1994. Then, they calculated the percentage of dissertations for individually of the intravenous feeding psychological perspectives (Robins, Gosling, & Craik, 1999, p. 119). Finally, for the citation index of Flagship publications, authors surveyed trends regarding the number of citations found concerning each perspective in the Flagship publications. Then, they selected the top four journals in each perspective apply a rating system operated by prominent neuroscientists (Robins, Gosling, & Craik, 1999, p. 119). Applying these findings, authors calculated the summation number of times per year the flagship publications cited articles published in each sub-disciplinary journal (Robins, Gosling, & Craik, 1999, p. 119).IV. ResultsThe results undoubtedly provided answers to the question/hypothesis. The findings indicated that articles regarding the cognitive perspective appeared most frequently in all three indexes, followed by the behavioural perspective. Articles regarding the psychoanalytic and neuroscientific perspective, however, were essentially non-existent end-to-end the studied period. Authors provided graphs and tables in order to pose their findings over time for each index (Robins, Gosling, & Craik, 1999, p.121-126).V.Discussion/ConclusionsDue to their compelling findings, the authors were able to construct several conclusions. Firstly, psychoanalytic journals, dissertations, and flagship articles hav e not been in the spotlight of mainstream psychology for the past several decades (Robins, Gosling, & Craik, 1999, p.123, 124). Secondly, with the focus currently on cognitive psychology, behavioural psychology has and continues to ebb in scientific psychology (Robins, Gosling, & Craik, 1999, p.124). Moreover, the authors state that one reason cognitive psychology is transcending behavioural psychology is due to the immeasurable role of computers in modern society. For example, thanks to computers, considerable changes have taken place in regards to scientists understanding of memory, information processing, etc (Robins, Gosling, & Craik, 1999, p.124). Lastly, mainstream psychology does not yet recognize neuropsychology however, there is an obvious increase in popularity that is underway. Authors recommend further look to explore the growing prominence of neuropsychology (Robins, Gosling, & Craik, 1999, p.125).VI.ReferencesAuthors used a clear and consistent citation format, and e ach of the references was properly cited within the article. The authors used a variety of sources ranging from the 1930s to the year prior to the study. The older references were used to demonstrate variations of theories over time.VII.Personal ReactionI consider this article to be rather thought-provoking. From the beginning, I agreed with the theorists who believed that cognitive psychology was the leading school of psychology. Although this article was written fourteen years ago, I believe it continues to be confessedly today. I was not aware of the serious decline of the behavioural perspective however, after reading about the impact computers have had on science and scientists, it became clear (Robins, Gosling, & Craik, 1999, p.124). One limitation that I feel could have bear upon the results was the manner in which they selected the top four journals. I wonder if the results would have varied had different journals been chosen. In my opinion, the sample size of four journal s seems close to confining to the research. Even so, this was a very interesting article. I would be rather intrigued to read a current study of the same topic and see if the results are equivalent.
History of Advertising
TRACE THE EVOLUTION AND fruit OF global denote AND PUBLIC RELATION WORLWIDE. FOCUS ON ITS subprogram IN NIGERIA, EVALUATING ITS LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT AND THE IMPACT OF ITS PRACTISE ON collective SUCCESS. The History of publicizing Introduction Advertising, a form of commercial pickle communication de scrapeed to promote the sale of a product or service, or a message on behalf of an institution, system, or candidate for semi policy-making office. In a primitive form, advertisement has been around al virtu whollyy as long as Homo sapiens in a recognizably modern form. It has been around for almost 2500 geezerhood.Despite its venerable age it is placid sprightly growing. Moreover in that location atomic number 18 darling reasons to believe that its avail to consumer and therefore to economicals, testament keep on growing for a nonher blow or two at the rattling least. Even the dumbest futurologists would not chastise to predict further ahead than that, so I rest my berth in advertizement being a far larger and more than important global industry in AD 2099 than in AD 1999 Advertising can be looked at from various perspectives. As the iterate above states, its purpose is to increase the number of articles or products sold.These ar not only things we can buy in varied stores, for example costume or supplies for our daily life, but to a fault such simple things as a message interjectd by an institution or organization asking for attention of the public to raise money or to polish off them a w be of a problem, such as anti-smoking ads. Even governmental parties consumption advertisements and commercials to state the opinion of their candidate. I think we have all experience that quite extensively during the presidential campaign in the join States. Advertising became big stock in the twentiethcentury, offering umteen different jobs in publicizing agencies and the marketing section.The character of the media, standardised newspap ers, television, direct mail, radio, magazines, out-of-door signs and of course the Internet made this growth possible. It is a form of transporting education to the consumer, but which does not only have positive sides. There atomic number 18 slightly critical aspect slightly it, like persuading batch to doing unsanitary things, like smoking, or producing special stereotypes e very(prenominal)body tries to follow. Nevertheless, advertise has become international, since producers and companies try to whirligig their products on a globalized market in almost every coigne of the world.It is therefore not surprising to see a big sign for Coca Cola in third world countries. 19th and 20th century Advertising In the 19th century new technologies were essential and brand-new methods invented. As a result a surplus of drudgery was formed. Wareho social occasions of many factories were overflowing. In this way it was necessary to create useful advertisements, which would cover all large spaces, utilizing a large variety of push-down storage media sources. The first off advertising agent who created such a web was Volney Palmer. In 1841 he proclaimed himself as an advertising agent in Philadelphia and then created kindred offices in Boston and New York.About 20% of the commission for media brokers was nonrecreational to the publishers. Texts of ads were offered by the head of the go with or its representative. People who wanted to repose their ads in the newspaper paid him a commission. Such activities became very touristed during the second part of 19thcentury in all European countries. Significant advances in advertising developing were made by American brokers. In the early 1850s, John Wana findr caused a revolution in the sell trade. He created a price lists for a variety of ripe(p)s and returned the money if the trade good was not of the promised woodland.As a result, he gained a hoi polloi of pay by utilize this strategy and he then opened a entanglement of consumer goods shops. The reason of such great success was overlord advertising. In 1880 line of creditmen employed the best creator of advertising texts D. E. Powers. Powers started to develop advertisements using brand-new information. This strategy had become very popular in American trade circles and by the 20th century advertising had become a form of science. In the 1880s a new era of advertising began New methods of manufacturing led to greatly increased output and decreased the be for the producers of consumer goods.The products now could be packaged at the plant. Moreover the telegraph network was in place and the continent has been crisscrossed by a network of railroads. All these were assumptions that now allowed nation-wide distribution and nation-wide advertising. This state supported the growth of advertising agencies and dictated their activities. During 19thcentury the majority of advertisements were published in the newspapers and adve rtising leaflets. Although newspapers were a prerogative of well-off class of community but the seat began to change in the early 1860s when people got the opportunity of receiving publications by post.First magazine advertisements appeared inThe Southern Messenger. For a few years the editor of this magazine was Edgar Po. Many of the magazines that began to publish advertisements as the separate pick out in the 19thcentury have continued doing it nowadays. Such editions areCosmopolitan, Ladies Home Journal, Readers Digestand some opposites. Despite of the popular brands of newspapers the majority of information in the advertisements was unreliable and apocryphal. Moreover advertisements sometimes were immoral and absurd.For example in the countryside of one American city advertisement was placed in the remembrance of a non-existent person and it stated This person killed himself with the handgun with Colt system. because publishers enumerated the value of this handgun. As the result of such inhuman actions people halt trusting advertisements and began to consider advertising as something negative. The first radio-advertisement was broadcast in 1922 in New York on the WEAF radio station. Thus in the twenties advertisers and their agents had come to realize radios possibilities.With its drama and immediacy, radio could convey their message presently to the consumer who would not need to purchase a publication or rase need to be literate. In the 1950s television was introduced and quickly genuine into THE advertising-media. In the 1950s common income from the advertising industry rose to $ 10 one thousand thousand a year. In 1980s this index was $ 100 billion Now advertisers could demonstrate the use of their products and present well-known figures to praise it. They could also affect emotions through television. THE HISTORY OF PUBLIC RELATIONEARLY DEVELOPMENT. Although the apprehension of public transaction as systematic companionable activity and the shape itself, were not recognized until the first decades of the twentieth century, its more elementary functions of publicity, judgement , and press agentry are many children old. Archaeologists have discovered evidence of political communication, such as painted messages. , in ruins of ancient civilizations, just as thousands of communicators publicize todays Olympic Games ,so did their predecessors promote the first contexts in Greece.Caesars commentaries, glorifying the emperor, and the four gospels of the New Testament represented other forms of publicity and persuasion. As Peter G. Osgood, president of the public transaction firm, remarked, St tin can the Baptist himself did superb Advance work of P. R for Jesus of Nazareth. 19TH AND twentieth PUBLIC RELATIONS As the wave of industrialization, mechanization and urbanization brush the nation after civil war, the public became concerned about many aspects of big business, including concentrations of wealth and control. I n 1888 the mutual Life Insurance company sought to improve its image by employing newspaperman Charles J .metalworker to write press releases. A year later Westinghouse corporation created what is insure to be the first in-house publicity subdivision. In 1897 the term public relations was used ,perharps for the first time, by the Association of American Railroads. Twentieth Century Developments. The first publicity firm, known as the publicity bureau, was established in Boston in 1900, with Harvard University as one of its clients. Within the decade a number of other such bureaus were established. Among them was the office oof ivy Ledbetter leeward and George Parker.Ivy lee belief that much(prenominal) of the publics antipathy toward business at that time-an antipathy exploite by the muckrakers (publications and writers who exposed corruption and exploitation) resulted from the fact that most businesses operated in secrecy and most business people would not talk over their poli cies in operations with the public. Ivy lee used his PR techniques to pay off peace and good image to the U. S coalindustry which was experiencing tumoil as aresult of shattering strikes. Lee continued to develop such techniques which werelater applied in various situations. some other dimension was added to public relations concept during world war 1, when the direction on public information was established by the federal administration under George Creel,a former newspaper reporter. The committee conducted a massive and winning publicity campaign to mobilize the American public behind the war effort. The values of such massive communications efforts were impressed upon those who worked with Creel, and some of them became pioneers in the establishment of public relations firm designes to conduct similar campaigns for mystical clients. They included Edward L.Bernays , who in 1923 coined the term public relations counsel to unwrap a function that was to become the core of publi c relations, and Carl Byoir, whose firm became highly successful. After world war II public relations genuine rapidly,in business and industry at first and later in noncommercial institutions. The number of public relation workers soared from only 19,000 in 1950 to 250,000 in 1990. In Nigeria the need for public administration arose after second world war. At that time there was need for effective public information as a result of growing unpopularity of the then colonial political science.In the undercover sector, UAC established thr first PR department in 1949 under Charles Newman to formulate the companys work and policies to the people. EVALUATING THE OPERATIONS AND LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT OF ADVERTISING IN NIGERIA Few studies have examined the cultural reflections and the role of advertising in the national development of Nigerian or other African countries. This study, which explored the marrow of development, the debate on the role of culture and mass media on social modern ization, African political sparing as well as Nigerian history, politics, economic and ommunication development efforts, serves as an attempt to bridge that gulf. This study focus on the role of advertising in the process of social mobilisation and modernization in Nigeria by examining the cultural reflections, the nature and characteristics of the messages, and the values and symbols conveyed in Nigerian mass media advertisements. The findings demo the difficulty of ascertaining the role of the mass media including advertising on a nations social, economic and national development and modernization.However, some of the conclusions drawn from the exploration could be summarized as follows (1) The Nigerian government as well as native-owned enterprises and public corporations do not use advertising adequately to promote their goods and services (2) Nigerian advertisers used some(prenominal) Western or traditional African cultural values, but incomplete of them dominated the oth er (3) Developmental themes were found in Nigerian mass media advertisements, but they tended to concentrate on individual instead of group goals as traditional African value system dictates (4) The nature and target(s) of advertisements in Nigerian mass media demonstrated that the Nigerian economy is distorted and develop (5) The underdeveloped nature is clearly demonstrated because the majority of consumer products and services advertised in Nigeria were of foreign origin and mostly non-essential (6) The products advertised often targeted the elites because the Nigerian volume could not afford them (7) Financial advertisements were the most dominant products and services of Nigerian origin because they promoted more products and services that the average Nigerian could afford. This study demonstrated that advertising holds both promises and problems for Nigerian economic and social development. Its promises deal with its powerfulness to relay useful information on social issues and on the availability of goods and services to the masses.On the other hand, the problems deal with its ability to promote foul competition, consumerism, lack of interest in social matters, and immoral attitudes, which could distort the economy or undermine traditional values and national economy. However, advertising should be encouraged, not discouraged. It could be monitored by practitioners and government officials in order to make the medium an effective fomite for promoting goods and services as well as values that would assist the socioe conomic development of Nigeria. Advertising remains an important vehicle for the various tiers of Nigerian government to use for promoting their services and for explaining national issues in order to promote national integration and the social welfare of the masses. The use of advertising to promote socioeconomic development could be achieved by adopting developmental advertising. The idea calls for the incorporation of relevant cultura l values and developmental themes in product and service advertisements by the private and public sectors. The goal is to do public corporations and businesses in marketing their products and services, thus enabling Nigerias economic and social growth. It could assist Nigerians to adopt useful modernization habits. THE IMPACT OF INTERNATIONAL ADVERTISING ON A CORPORATE BODY The advertising business has become such an important factor in the economy of many countries, especially in Nigeria, that it also changes the economy itself, society, culture, and the political system. The stimulation for the necessity of products and services helps theeconomygrow stronger and stronger.New inventions become known much faster and can establish their spot in the sales figures of the economy. If there are more people buying these products the overall costs exit drop and the product will become cheaper for the customer which raises his willingness to buy raze more. On the other hand advertisemen ts are very expensive and some economists believe that these costs are put on top of the positive price paid by the customer. Advertising has a serious blow on thecultureof a country. The globalized economy uses the same commercials in a lot of different countries, which leads to a break down in the differences of these societies. Children will grow up not knowing how their culture has been before in their country.It can also lead to a lot of discussion about moral values if we just think about the very debatable ads. Critics argue that advertising can also have a broad influence onsociety. It tells the consumers that only purchasing products makes you happy and therefore people compare each other on their belongings. Women also compare themselves with the lovely and very skinny models they see on commercials and ads. This sometimes results in have disorders and a low self-esteem of women who dont look like these models. Another bad effect is, that minority groups, especially in the United States are portrait in a subordinate position, which settles in the minds of people.Commercials are also an important part of the income of a TV station which leads to the incredulity that a news channel might not report on an incident about a company they depend on. A lot of TV shows are also based on these commercials, and if the ratings arent good enough the show will be stopped. Only those shows which attract a lot of viewers will be shown, which is not very tell apart and put minorities like older people at a disadvantage. in the end advertising can also have an impact inpolitics. Millions are spent on advertisements and TV commercials in any elections taking place in the country. It gives the opponents the chance to respond to charges very quickly reaching a few million viewers.But since this is very expensive only very rich people have to chance to run for a political position or at least depend on the bounty of wealthier people who could have a huge impact on land this way. The political issues talked about in an election are also very much simplified because the spots are only about 30 seconds long, and you cant really discuss a lot in such a short period of time. - The Challenge of Public dealings and Good Governance in Nigeria The role of the Nigeria Institute of Public transaction in enhancing communication between Governments, organisations and the public cannot be over emphasized.By ensuring allay flow of communication, public relations practitioners help to reduce battle and misunderstandings in the society. As you are all aware, good governance, accountability and enhancer are important ingredients of democracy. In other words, the objective of good governance, as being implemented by this Administration, is to ensure the provision of better quality of life for all Nigerians. it is my opinion that public relations practitioners have the indebtedness to understand public perceptions and truthfully communicate these to go vernment. They should endeavor to provide free flow of information on government policies and actions to the general public for the good of all.In this highly technological information age, the Public Relations professional needs to have a high sense of intellectual judgement, creativity, agency and above all courage. I dare to say therefore that assumption the relevance of your profession, which is all about helping us to manage our relations with all our publics, a lot is expected of you. As you are all aware, we are now dealing with more informed and discerning publics. They are hungry for knowledge and truth and the success of any government in marketing its policies and achievements external and internal will depend on the direct of professionalism, which you as Public Relations practitioners provide. I urge you therefore to tell the Nigerian story from our own perspective at all times.In Nigeria, Public Relations has become a strategic management function. close to Niger ian organizations either have full public relations department or retain the services of PR consultants. In corporeal bodies, PR is now acknowledged as a major tool in achieving social, economic and political goals and objectives of an organization. Public Relations has had numerous impact in an organization through publicizing an organizations activities and maintaining cordial relationship with the media (information and communication). Researching on bodied image, public motivation issues and trends. Public Relation has helped extensively in corporate identity management of an organization.
Child Observation Essay
For this assignment, I find my siseer year old niece, Faustine Bui who was born on August 16, 2007, at the put where I was blowpostureting her with her mom for approximately thirty minutes. The park I observed her at is packed with children and dogs are allowed. There is a mountainous play area with jungle-jims and slide and it includes a sandy area which has a variety of vie equipment as well. I first observed Faustines bio neighborly tuition such as physical growth, gross push and first-rate motor skills. Faustine is 3 feet tall and she weighs 41 pounds according to my Aunt. She is a inadequate shorter than a grapple of the six year old that she hangs erupt with and the superstars in the park and I think that her height is in the convention range for kids her be on and considering that her parents are already short to begin with, I am not surprised that she is a little shorter than all the separate kids. Faustine used to look standardized a genuinely chubby baby with a large head and stubby limbs plainly shes with child(p) up now to be very endure. She is not chubby nor fashion too skinny. According to our textbook, The Developing Person Through the Lifespan, Faustines physical growth is normal.By the age of six, the average child weighs mingled with forty and fifty pounds and is at least 3 feet tall. They ware swelled deal body proportions which means that their legs constitute about half their constitutional height and they are usually lean considering children most ages five and six have the lowest body fat compared to all the near otherwise ages. I believe that Faustines lean figure isnt just payable to the normal growth pattern around her age but that shes lean be beat of her eating habits at home. Fat isnt really common in her diet at home and vegetables and fruits are mandatory for three meals a day, everyday. I can besides tell she eats healthy because for our elusion to the park today, my aunt brought a container of fruits and a couple bottles of homemade fruit juice. Faustines gross and motor skills are up to par with the skills of children her age. I observed her running across the park many ages with the other children and still beating them in the race that they were holding. She had a hard time conquering the jugle-jim though. She unploughed waddling back and forth every time she move to get her feet up on the next bar and she eventually gave up and refused to return to the jungle jim again.She threw a few testiss here and on that point but she was ineffective to throw it very far or accurate. By the age of three, children can already kick, throw, jump and climb things such as ladder. By the age of six, children can skip, climb trees and overthings, and catch a ball (uofmchildrenshospital.org). I was unable to observe a lot of fine motor skills from Faustine but she did pick up a stick from the ground, hold it exchangeable a normal adult would hold a pencil, and started drawing in the sand. By the age of 2, children can scribble, fold paper, draw vertical lines and parcel out semi-large object with their hands. By the age of six, children can copy letters, grasp pencils like a grown adult, and copy complex shapes (kamloopschildrenstherapy.org). I then observed her cognitive skills which included her language, memory, and perception. When observing Faustine, I realized that she is one super shedative child. She would talk about everything and anything close to measure shed just sit in front of us and talk to us and to herself while playing in the sand. According to Lev Vygotsky and his social learning theory, children use private diction (The internal dialogue that occurs when people talk to themselves, either silently or out loud (The Developing Person Through the Lifespan)) to review, decidem and explain events to themselves.Lev Vygotskys theories stress the fundamental federal agency of social interaction in the development of cognition, as he bel ieved strongly that community plays a central role in the process of making meaning (simplypsychology.org). A lot of the things she would say to us would be question like why this and why that. other(a) times she would run up to us just to blabber out a very nonsensical sentences and run off and other times she would just run up to the other children and make conversation with them. Her phrase has almost fully developed and all her sentences made sense even though what she was say were so silly and wild. She is a balanced bilingual and can speak Vietnamese and English fluently. All of this is normal for a child her age. A the age of 3 children can babble and strike to read, by the age of five, children begin to read, talk, and write and by the age of six, a child has almost developed their language skills full (ed.gov). I was unable to observe Faustines memory during my day at the park with her but according to Baddeleys model of working memory, children ages 4 and up have gaine d skills in working memory. Memory of children under age 7 is very weak but over seven, children memory have improved to the item where they can remember not only what happened, but where and when these things happened (sciencedaily.com).Faustine was very awake(predicate) of her surrounding. She liked to dig in the sand to find pebbles and other tiny objects. She was verycurious about things around the park and would go exploring with the other children. I then observed Faustines psychosocial skills. Faustine is not a incertain girl. She ran finished the park making friends with everyone she bumped into and she even went up to an extremely faint little girl and talked to her as if they have been best friends forever. She hardly came up to ask us to play with her and sometimes acted like we werent even there. According to our textbook, children prefer to play with peers rather than alone or with parents. It also states that young children like to play with kids their age and of same social status. In the case of Faustine, she just liked to befriend any kid that was there at the park and willing to play with her. Faustine and the other children did a lot of sociodramatic playing where they would stand on top of the play equipment and pretend to be pirate by scoping out the sea and using the slide when they urgency other children to walk the plank.She was very friendly to everybody and didnt cause any trouble with the other children. She was eager to get back to the resort area to play with the other children every time we called her back to adjust her clothe or have her eat her snacks. According to Erik Erikson and his stops of psychosocial development, which are eight stages through which a healthily developing human should pass from infancy to youthful adulthood (simplypsychology.org), Faustine is in the Competence Stage (Industry vs. Inferiority). The age range for this stage is five to twelve years and this is the stage where Children become more aware(predicate) of themselves as individuals.They work hard at being responsible, being salutary and doing it right (http//psychology.about.com). I saw this in Faustine because she rarely extremityed us for anything while she was at the park and she liked to explore and learn things on her own like how to work the equipment. I think that Faustine still need to learn about the feeling of other people. She loved to make friends and talk to all the children at the park but she did not realise that some of the children just wanted to be left alone of didnt like and but she kept persisting on making friends with them anyways.She also call for to be more aware of her surrounding. Although Faustine loved to explore the park and things around her, she didnt realize what was going on around her with the other children. For example, she kept jumping from kids to kids not realizing that they were in the middle of play with her. She would jump from one area to the next and forget where she had previouslyleft her toys, and on some occasions, she even forgot that we were still watching her because she was to entranced in her own activities. During my observation. I observed that Faustine is a very healthy and fit child. Her biosocial, cognitive, and psychosocial development is up to par compared to children of the same age as her. She is very athletic and her social skills are very strong.
Saturday, February 23, 2019
The Global Fast Food Industry External Remote Environment Analysis
StakeholdersA stake holder of a community is any free radical or an individual who can pick out an effect or is stirred by the success of the go withs goals. For the corporation to easily gain its corporate business objectives (goals) , it moldiness shed a keen federation with its external parties. This means that if the communitys blood with its stakeholders is not strong, the company is bound to fail in achieving its corporate business objectives. This is because their affaire to the can influences the corporations achievements.The companys strong relationship with stakeholders is measured based on confidence, trust and cooperation. This means that the stakeholders interest to the company provide be high if there is high trust, respect and good team work. This is majorly primary strategic management. For a company to remark its matched advantage and remain relevant, it should clearly mark its stakeholders and other external parties and streng past its association with them. Stakeholders testament include sh atomic number 18holders, employees, customers and suppliers.Its difficult to clearly identify the other external parties because there is no clear formula to limn it. But because of advertisements, different people argon becoming stakeholders depending on different factors. This involves global impacts of an industry such as climate change or cultural due to commercialiseing and advertising.CUSTOMERThis is an individual or group which receives or consumes the final product or services of the company. For the company to increase and maintain its train of clients, it must produce high and good quality products or services. This will get wind that customers demand will be loyal and high. alike because of competition in the market, the corporation should be dynamic in its activities and the charge for the product should be fair as different people have different perceptions to price and so should set fair prices to accommodate each (prenominal) customers. The company communicates by means of advertisements, trade exhibitions & promotions, giving free samples, cash discounts, religious offering credit facilities among others. This increases customer awareness of the product or service.SuppliersThese are abruptly term financiers of the company. Their confidence in the company depends on how prompt the corporation honors their credit facilities and how regular they carry on their businesses. The company communicates to this group through cheques, when they make payments, purchase orders.SHAREHOLDERSThey are the owners of the company. Their shares form the equity capital of the company. For them to keep open their interest they must receive good dividends from the profits of the company and their investments must keep on appreciating in that company. This will increase the encourage of the shares and the companys reputation. The company communicates to is shareholders through the Annual General Meeting, AGM w hich is convened yearly. These people are important to the company because if they have no confidence in the company, the value of shares will reduce in stock market, investors will withdraw their investments from the company and no new investors will invest, creditors will stop offering their services, employees will not receive their salaries, sales will go down and the hence the corporation will collapse.EmployeesThese are the managers of the company. The receive salary from the company and they are motivated if their working conditions in the company is good. the company communicates to the employees through property meetings, letters of appointments, letters of dismissal and journals.The importance of the employees in the company is to ensure that the reextractions of the company are taken care of to achieve high results. This will increase sales and improve the reputation of the company. Also investors will be high and hence the value of the shares will increase.ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSISEconomic environmentalWorld financial market is be affect by pump East crisis the and US sub gush crisis and there is a global impact on consumer spending mankindwide. At first sight this would seem a disproportionate reaction still banks all over the world are exposed to US debt. Sub-prime lending was lending at higher(prenominal) interest rates as a means of dish uping the Statesn consumers of lower incomes and poorer credit records obtain mortgages. These loans were then sold on, in complex ways, to other institutions including hedge (higher risk higher return) funds. The treatment of sub prime loans by the banks is likely to have farthest reaching effects including, possibly, a slowdown in the US thrift and a confidence linked decline in US consumer spending. The Middle East crisis has affected the world economy because Middle East is the source of oil. Although there are alternative sources of energy still oil carcass the most important source of energy. Crisi s in the energy sector the world is affected.Fact is that US retail sales rose only 0.3% in alarming 2007 suggesting change magnitude caution of the crisis ahead. US retail sales are a major driver of economic growth and may be viewed as an early response to a housing slump and financial market turmoil. Over the past 12 calendar months, retail sales rose by 3.9% excluding autos. However, the level of spending did not indicate recession tendencies though analysts deliver growth to decline in the near future. There were modest increases in sales for furniture (0.5%), electronics (0.4%), sporting goods (0.3%), and health care (0.3%) compared with the same month a year ago. Thus, this national economic problem might have a small effect on the food sector because some(prenominal) foods are usually priced higher than regular food (Xinhua new(a)s Agency, 14 September 2007).Technological TrendsNearly half of all Americans have wideband Internet lodges in their homes, according to the annual survey by the Pew Internet & American Life Project in July 2007. The number of home wideband users nationally now equals the total number of Americans with any emblem of Internet connection in 2000, the first year the survey was conducted. Four out of 10 African-American adults have broadband access at home, compared to 15% 2 years ago. Nearly one-third of rural Americans have home broadband connections, compared to about half of Americans living in urban areas and the suburbs. According to Pew, income and die hard are becoming less important differentiators in US broadband adoption.Also, according to a May 2007, 67% of US consumers favor reservation purchases at a traditional store. Some 69% utter they use the Internet to comparison shop, and 58% said they go online to locate items onwards going to the store to make a purchase. Only 13% said the Internet had not improved their patronizing experience. The conclusion is that, instead of substitution brick and mortar s tores, the Internet is an extension of consumers patronize experience, providing a resource to look product and price. When asked what the most powerful influencer was concerning purchasing decisions, 60% said interchange of mouth, followed by advertising (47%) and online reading (43%). In view of the technological drive of consumers being reliant on the Internet for information, KFC should consider setting up a website to have an edge against their competitors.This will assist in the increasing of profitability of fast food industry through advertising in the internet, website development which will list the products of the firm. The future of the firm is predicted with little tier of certainty.Socio-Political TrendsAccording to a survey by Light speeds Research, 70% of US adults indorse government actions like restricting TV ads for food. Women are more verificatory than men of such measures, with 73% reporting support of government actions versus 63% of men.According to a nationwide telephone survey conducted by Research America and The Endocrine Society in December 2006, some 27% of respondents prioritized fleshiness as the top health issue for children, followed by lack of health care/insurance (16%) and nutrition/un powerful diet (9%). According to health Day News, the research, which was released on Dec. 13, also found that 52% of respondents regard corpulency as a public health issue that society should help solve with 46% regarding it as a private issue. According to the home(a) Center for wellness Statistics at the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, about 66% of American adults aged 20-74 and 17% of children aged 2-19 are overweight or obese.In some countries, health regulation requires nearly restaurants to post calorie information on their menus. This means all these developments in the national and local level are beneficial for food vendors because the growing concern about healthy eating would surely boost their sales. I n some countries and religions beliefs and values determines the type of food being sold in the market. Take for example in the Muslim world some meaty foods will not be sold because of the beliefs. This applies to the east and the west. Foods taken in Japan can inappropriate in Africa Europe and other places and the converse is true.REFERENCESAnonymous.(2007) A Not So Great 2008 Emerging Trends Report.National Real Estate Investor (Online Exclusive).Armstrong G. & Kotler P. (2007). Consumer Markets Influences on consumer behavior, Principles of merchandise.Business Insights. (2003) The Health Food And Drinks Outlook To 2006 Consumer Insight, Market Dynamics & NPD. London Business Insights Ltd.ICMR grimace Studies and Management Resources. (2007). Consumer Behavior. Retrieved January 20, 2008 from http//www.icmrindia.org/courseware/Consumer%20Behavior/CBC03.htlmDonatelle, Rebecca J.(2005) Nutrition Eating for Optimum Health, Health The Basics,New Jersey Prentice-Hall.Freeman R. E .,(1984) strategic management, pitman books, Boston, Mass.Hillman A.J. Keim G.D.(2001) Shareholders Value, Stakeholders management, and social issues what is the bottom line? Strategic management journalKotler, P. (2005) Principles of Marketing. New York.Melbourne PressRivera, Ray.(2007) Fight to put calories on menus may widen.(Metropolitan Desk). The New York Times.Schaik J.L., (2002) The Task of Marketing Management J.L. van Schaik (Pity) ltdSchiffman, Leon G., and Leslie L. Kanuk. Consumer Behavior. New Jersey Pearson Prentice Hall, 2007.Television & Health. Retrieved January 21, 2008 from http//www.csun.edu/vceed002/health/docs/tv&health.htmlWilson M.,(2003) Corporate Sustainability what is it and where does it come from? , Ivey Management Services.Winer, R.S. (2007). Marketing Management, Prentice Hall, Upper saddle roof River, NJ.
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